基于动态分频段FRA法的自耦变压器绕组轴向移位故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Autotransformer Winding Axial Displacement Using FRA Method Based on Dynamic Frequency Division

作　　者：郭蕾[1] 江飞明 于兴宇 王东阳[1] 周利军[1] 林桐 GUO Lei;JIANG Feiming;YU Xingyu;WANG Dongyang;ZHOU Lijun;LIN Tong(School of Electrical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 611756,China;Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang Sichuan 621900,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学电气工程学院,四川成都611756 [2]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2022年第1期134-143,共10页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金资助项目(U1834203)。

摘　　要：针对传统的频率响应分析(FRA)法无法识别自耦变压器绕组常见轴向移位故障的问题,提出基于动态分频段的FRA法:首先,搭建自耦变压器轴向移位故障模拟平台,获取不同轴向移位故障下绕组频响数据;其次,将幅频特性曲线波峰点与相频特性曲线C-L过零点频率相同的点作为预备分频点,同时将频响数据动态划分为多个频段,并绘制分频段极坐标图;然后,提取极坐标图的4个灰度梯度共生矩阵纹理特征和对应的归一化特征参数;最后,通过图形与特征的变化规律分析自耦变压器绕组的状态。试验验证结果表明:采用基于动态分频段的FRA法,生成的极坐标图数据点重叠情况得到改善,有利于图形分析和特征提取;不同绕组发生轴向移位故障时,各频段极坐标图变化趋势明显;同一绕组发生不同程度轴向故障时,极坐标图随故障程度增加差异呈变大的趋势;采用基于动态分频段的FRA法能准确区分自耦变压器轴向移位的故障绕组与故障程度,并能为自耦变压器现场故障诊断提供参考。Aiming at the problem that the traditional frequency response analysis(FRA)method could not identify the common axial displacement fault of autotransformer winding,the FRA method based on dynamic frequency division was proposed.Firstly,a simulation platform of autotransformer axial displacement fault was built to obtain the winding frequency response data under different axial displacement faults.Secondly,the peak point of the amplitude-frequency characteristic curve and the zero-crossing point of the C-L phase-frequency characteristic curve with the same frequency were used as the preliminary frequency division points.Meanwhile,the frequency response data was dynamically divided into multiple frequency bands and the polar plot with frequency division was drawn.Then,the texture features of the 4 gray-gradient co-occurrence matrix and the corresponding normalized characteristic parameters of the polar plot were extracted.Finally,the state of the autotransformer winding was analyzed by the changing law of the graphs and features.Experimental results show that using the FRA method based on dynamic frequency division,the overlap data points generated from polar plot is improved,which is conducive to graphic analysis and feature extraction.When axial displacement faults occur in different windings,the polar plots in each frequency band have obvious changing trend.When the same winding has different degrees of axial faults,the difference of polar plots tends to become larger as the increase of fault degree.The FRA method based on dynamic frequency division can accurately distinguish the axial displacement fault winding and the fault degree of autotransformer,and can provide a reference for the onsite fault diagnosis of autotransformer.

关 键 词：自耦变压器 绕组轴向移位 频率响应法 动态分频段 极坐标图 图像特征 灰度梯度共生矩阵 

分 类 号：TM922.3[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] U264.3[机械工程—车辆工程]