石墨烯改性含能材料的制备方法及性能研究进展  

Research progress on the preparation and properties of energetic materials modified by graphene

作　　者：任荣[1] 管洪宇 熊需海[1] 王静[1] 张承双[2] 刘思扬 REN Rong;GUAN Hongyu;XIONG Xuhai;WANG Jing;ZHANG Chengshuang;LIU Siyang(Shenyang Aerospace University,Shenyang110136,China;Xi’an Aerospace Composite Materials Research Institute,Xi’an710025,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳航空航天大学,沈阳110136 [2]西安航天复合材料研究所,西安710025

出　　处：《固体火箭技术》2021年第6期718-725,共8页Journal of Solid Rocket Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51873109);辽宁省兴辽英才计划(XLYC1907198,XLYC1907019)。

摘　　要：含能材料是武器装备的核心材料之一,在国防工业中发挥着重要作用。开发高能量密度、高释能效率、高安全性特征的新型含能材料是现代武器装备发展和新军事变革的迫切需求。石墨烯具有较大的比表面积、良好的导热导电性以及适中的化学活性,作为功能添加剂负载纳米颗粒,能够显著改善含能材料的感度、力学性能和安全性。从石墨烯的制备及功能化改性出发,重点阐述了石墨烯对金属或金属氧化物催化剂活性的增强作用,金属氧化物/石墨烯基材料等催化剂对氧化剂的催化作用以及负载高能添加剂的石墨烯对含能材料的热分解效率的提升作用。最后,对石墨烯基材料提升含能材料性能的作用机理进行梳理,指出了含能材料纳米化存在的问题及今后研究的重点。Energetic materials,as one of the core materials for weapon equipments,play an important role in the national de⁃fense industry.The development of new energetic materials with high energy density,high energy release efficiency and high safety is urgent for the development of modern weapon and the revolution of new military.The sensitivity,mechanical properties and safety of energetic materials can be significantly improved by using graphene as functional additive load nanoparticles,owing to its unique characteristics such as large specific surface area,good thermal and electrical conductivity,and moderate changeable chemical reac⁃tivity.Starting from the preparation and functional modification of graphene,the enhancement of the activity of graphene on metal or metal oxide catalysts,the catalysis of metal oxide/graphene based materials on oxidants,and the improvement of the thermal decom⁃position efficiency of energetic materials by graphene loaded with high⁃energy additives were introduced emphatically.Finally,the im⁃provement mechanism of graphene based materials on the properties of energetic materials was sorted out,and the existing problems and future research focus of nano energetic materials were proposed.

关 键 词：含能材料 石墨烯 功能化改性 作用机理 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]