单螺栓预紧力对塔身顶端位移的影响研究  

Influence of single bolt pre-tightening force on displacement of tower top

作　　者：谢昌省 王积永[1] 尚彤 Xie Changsheng;Wang Jiyong;Shang Tong

机构地区：[1]山东建筑大学机电工程学院,济南250100

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2022年第1期42-47,共6页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

摘　　要：为研究单螺栓预紧力变化对塔式起重机顶端位移的影响,实现塔式起重机的在线安全评估和检测,文中基于多尺度建模策略,应用Ansys有限元软件对塔式起重机进行APDL参数化建模,具体包括对塔身联接螺栓部位采用实体单元精细建模,其余部位建立宏观尺度的梁杆模型,并采用创建刚性区域法装配成整机模型;通过对起重臂旋转和单螺栓预紧力变化的模拟,获取了塔身主肢顶端位移和变化规律曲线。结果表明:塔式起重机在正常状态下旋转一周时,塔身顶端位移具有周期性变化规律,而当某螺栓松动后,这一规律会被破坏;螺栓松动发生在越靠近塔身底部对结构越不利;距离塔身形心越远的螺栓损伤对结构越不利。In order to study the influence of the change of single bolt pre-tightening force on the top displacement of tower cranes,so as to carry out online safety assessment and detection of tower cranes,based on the multi-scale modeling strategy,APDL parametric modeling of tower crane was carried out by using Ansys finite element software,including fine modeling of the solid unit of the connecting bolt of the tower body,macro-scale beam-rod model of other parts,and assembly of the whole machine model by rigid region method;by simulating the rotation of the boom and the change of single bolt pre-tightening force,the displacement and change curves of the top of the tower were obtained.Results show that when the tower crane circles under normal conditions,the displacement at the top of the tower presents a periodic change rule,which will disappear when a certain bolt is loosened.The closer the bolt looseness is to the bottom of the tower and the farther the bolt damage is from the tower,the more unfavorable it is to the structure.

关 键 词：塔式起重机 预紧力 多尺度模型 顶端位移 有限元 

分 类 号：TH213.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]