疫苗供给及其风险分配的经济法分析  

Economic Analysis of Vaccine Supply and Risk Allocation

作　　者：袁梦玲 羊海燕 Yuan Mengling;Yang Haiyan

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学法学院 [2]西南医科大学法学院

出　　处：《医学与法学》2022年第1期67-71,共5页Medicine and Jurisprudence

摘　　要：本文据公共产品理论阐述了我国现有的疫苗类型和疫苗作为公共产品的属性,并分析了疫苗的供给方式,认为要遵循风险与收益相匹配原则和效率与公平原则,识别疫苗的风险因素,明确不同类型的疫苗的提供主体和风险承担主体:由一类免费疫苗产生的风险原则上分配给政府,但其他经济主体有过错或通过合同可转移给其他主体时,可分配给其他经济主体;二类自费疫苗可据收益与风险相当原则和过错原则,将风险分配给私人、保险公司甚至消费者个人,还可据主体的抗风险能力差异和效率与公平原则分配给政府。Based on the theory of public goods, this paper expounds the existing types of vaccines in China and its properties as public goods, analyzes how vaccines are delivered, argues that the principle of matching risk and benefit and the principle of efficiency and equity should be followed to identify the risk factors of vaccines and identify the suppliers and risk bearers of different types of vaccines: the risk arising from class Ⅰ free vaccines is allocated in principle to the government, but if other economic subjects have faults or the faults can be transferred to other subjects through contracts, they may be allocated to other economic subjects;the risk of class Ⅱ self-funded vaccines can be allocated to private individuals, insurance companies and even individual consumers according to the principle of equal benefit and risk and the principle of fault, and can also be allocated to the government according to the difference in risk resistance ability and the principle of efficiency and equity.

关 键 词：公共产品 疫苗供给 提供主体 提供方式 风险分配 

分 类 号：D922.29[政治法律—经济法学]