不同践踏强度对3种暖季型草坪草的影响  

Effects of different trampling intensities on three species of warm season turfgrass

作　　者：邢强[1,2] 秦俊 胡永红 XING Qiang;QIN Jun;HU Yong-hong(Urban Horticulture Research and Extension Center,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China;School of Life Science,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海辰山植物园,城市园艺技术研发与推广中心,上海201602 [2]复旦大学生命科学学院,上海200433

出　　处：《草业学报》2022年第2期52-61,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：上海市科委科技创新行动计划(18DZ1204700)资助。

摘　　要：开放的公园绿地草坪可满足居民游憩健身、防灾避险需求,保障城市居民的公共安全和健康,但过度践踏会对草坪产生直接的机械磨损和土壤紧实造成的间接损伤,因此草坪的耐践踏性成为衡量公园绿地质量的关键因素之一。为了探究不同草坪草在不同践踏强度下耐践踏能力,以上海常用的结缕草属、雀稗属、狗牙根属(Cynodon)3个暖季型草坪草品种为试验材料,设置不同客流量大小的践踏强度和践踏频率,在草坪生长高峰的5-9月分散式模拟践踏后,从草坪草的耐磨损性、耐土壤紧实性及恢复能力3个方面进行多指标隶属函数综合评价。结果表明:在轻度践踏水平时,3个草种的耐践踏性为:‘Belair’结缕草>‘SeaIsle2000’海滨雀稗>‘Tifdwarf’杂交狗牙根,40人·次^(-1)的轻度践踏可促进3个草种生长;在中度践踏时3个草种的耐践踏性为:杂交狗牙根>海滨雀稗>结缕草,杂交狗牙根在5-9月生长期内受80人·次^(-1)的践踏时表现出最强的耐践踏能力;重度践踏下,3个草种的耐践踏综值为:杂交狗牙根>海滨雀稗>结缕草,杂交狗牙根的耐践踏能力与其本身较强的生长量、恢复能力相关。上述试验结果,不仅可为公园绿地规划建设中所需耐践踏草坪草资源的推广利用提供理论依据,也可为公园绿地承载、绿地养护及客流导引间形成动态反馈机制的智能化管理系统提供基础数据,保障游客的安全和舒适度。Turf in open public parks can meet the needs of urban residents for recreational fitness,disaster mitigation and enhance the public health and safety and quality of life of urban residents. Lawns are subject to traffic of various kinds,especially foot traffic,and trampling causes both direct mechanical wear and indirect soil structure damage due to compaction. Resistance to trampling is the key factor determing the performance and service life of lawns. In this paper,three turfgrasses commonly used in Shanghai,namely Zoysia japonica‘Belair’,Paspalum vaginatum ’Sea Isle 2000’,and Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis‘Tifdwarf’,were selected for evaluation,and an experiment involving exposure to different simulated trampling intensity and frequency during turfgrass peak growth from May to September was set up. At the end of the simulated trampling exposure a multivariate analysis of data on turfgrass wear resistance,soil compaction resistance and recovery ability was carried out using a multi-index membership function method. Under light trampling,the performance of the three turfgrasses ranked:Z. japonica‘Belair’>P. vaginatum‘Sea Isle 2000’>C. dactylon×C. transvaalensis‘Tifdwarf’,and light trampling was beneficial and improved the quality of the lawn. Under moderate trampling the performance ranking was Tifdwarf>Sea Isle 2000>Belair. Tifdwarf showed the strongest resistance to trampling and was able to tolerate 80 simulated person-passes of intermittent trampling during the growth period from May to September. Under severe trampling Tifdwarf hybrid Bermudagrass showed resistance related to its fast daily growth and associated recovery ability. The study of the trampling resistance capacity of turfgrass species not only provides a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of trampling-resistant turfgrass needed in the large number of parks and green spaces being constructed in the current urbanization process,but also can be used to evaluate the carrying capacity and support

关 键 词：城市 公园绿地 草坪草 耐践踏性 根系 草坪质量 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]