新疆科克苏湿地草本植物群落分类及其与环境的关系  

The relationship between classification of herbaceous plant communities and environment in Kekesu Wetland,Xinjiang

作　　者：杨帆[1,2,3] 林涛 徐海量 凌红波[1,2] 刘星宏 YANG Fan;LIN Tao;XU Hailiang;LING Hongbo;LIU Xinghong(State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China;Akesu National Station of Observation and Research for Oasis Agro-ecosystem,Akesu 843017,Xinjiang,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Administration of Land Development,Consolidation and Construction of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830011,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]新疆阿克苏绿洲农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆阿克苏843017 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]新疆维吾尔自治区土地开发整理建设管理局,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《草业科学》2021年第12期2340-2349,共10页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：科技基础性工作专项(2015FY110500-16)。

摘　　要：科克苏湿地是干旱半干旱地区的典型湿地类型。本研究以科克苏湿地草本植物群落为研究对象,采用平均聚合聚类(UPGMA)、除趋势对应分析(DCA)法和典范对应分析(CCA)法进行数量分类,分析其群落构成及物种多样性与环境因子的相关性,以探明环境因子对湿地植物群落类型分布的影响。结果表明:科克苏湿地草本植物群落被划分为10种群落类型,包括苔草+芦苇(Carex spp.+Phragmites australis)群落、醉马草+沙蒿(Achnatherum inebrians+Artemisia desertorum)群落、芦苇+拉拉藤(P.australis+Galium aparine)群落、芦苇(P.australis)群落、醉马草(A.inebrians)群落、车前+早熟禾(Plantago asiatica+Poa annua)群落、拂子茅(Calamagrostis epigeios)群落、偃麦草(Elytrigia repens)群落、针茅(Stipa capillata)群落、早熟禾(P.annua)群落。10种植物群落的物种丰富度范围为2.5~8.8,Simpson优势度指数范围为0.28~0.62,Pielou均匀度范围为0.33~0.73,Simpson多样性指数范围为1.44~2.61,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.75~3.50。CCA排序结果显示,离河距离对科克苏湿地草本植物群落分布的影响最大。本研究揭示了湿地植物群落分类、分布特征及控制因素,为科克苏湿地生态保护和功能提升提供了依据。Kekesu Wetland is a typical wetland in arid and semiarid lands.In the study,we used unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means(UPGMA),detrended correspondence analysis(DCA),and canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)to quantitatively categorize the herbaceous plant communities in Kekesu Wetland.The correlations of community composition and species diversity with environmental factors were explored.We also evaluated the relative impacts of different environmental factors on the spatial distribution of herbaceous wetland communities.Our results showed that the herbaceous communities in Kekesu Wetland could be categorized into ten types,including Carex spp.+Phragmites australis community,Achnatherum inebrians+Artemisia desertorum community,Phragmites australis+Galium aparine community,Phragmites australis community,A.inebrians community,Plantago asiatica+Poa annua community,Calamagrostis epigeios community,Elytrigia repens community,Stipa capillata community and P.annua community.The species richness ranges from 2.5 to 8.8,Simpson dominance index from 0.28 to 0.62,Pielou evenness index from 0.33 to 0.73,Simpson diversity index from 1.44 to 2.61 and Shannon-Wiener diversity index from 1.75 to 3.50 across the ten community types.The CCA ranking results confirmed that the distance from the rivers was the most significant factor that affected the distribution of the herbaceous plant communities in Kekesu Wetland.Overall,our study revealed the classification and distribution of plant communities in Kekeksu Wetland and their corresponding influential factors,which can serve as a theoretical basis for ecosystem conservation and ecological function promotion in Kekesu Wetland.

关 键 词：湿地 草本植物 平均聚合聚类 典范对应分析法 除趋势对应分析法 物种多样性 群落 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]