根腐病对茅苍术根际微生物群落多样性的影响  

Influence of Root Rot Diseases on Microbial Diversity in Rhizosphere Soil of Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC

作　　者：刘杰[1] 林茂祥[1] 肖忠[1] 李娟[1] 张万超[1] 韩如刚[1] 韩凤[1,2] Liu Jie;Lin Maoxiang;Xiao Zhong;Li Juan;Zhang Wanchao;Han Rugang;Han Feng(The Reseach Institute of Medicine Plantation of Chongqing,Nanchuan 408435,China;Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Fine Variety Breeding Techniques of Chinese Materia Medica,Nanchuan 408435,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市药物种植研究所,重庆南川408435 [2]重庆市道地药材规范化生产工程技术研究中心,重庆南川408435

出　　处：《中国野生植物资源》2022年第1期36-43,共8页Chinese Wild Plant Resources

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(cstc2019jcyj-msxmX0430);重庆市科委民生创新专项项目(cstc2017shms-kjfp120003);重庆市卫计委中医药科技项目(ZY201602105)。

摘　　要：研究茅苍术根腐病与根际土壤微生物群落之间的关系,为茅苍术根腐病微生物调控防治技术提供依据。比较了未种植茅苍术土壤、茅苍术健康植株及根腐病病株根际土壤的土壤养分和酶活性变化,并结合Illumina MiSeq高通量测序,研究了茅苍术根腐病土壤中细菌和真菌的群落结构变化。茅苍术感染根腐病后,植株根际土壤pH降低,有机质、速效氮和速效磷显著增加;蔗糖酶活性增加,过氧化氢酶活性降低;细菌和真菌的多样性和丰度均显著降低。病原菌如镰刀菌属(Fusarium)和阿太菌属(Athelia)的丰度显著增加,而被孢霉属(Mortierella)、青霉属(Penicillium)和假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)等病原微生物拮抗菌的丰度降低,这可能是诱发茅苍术根腐病的主要原因。通过分析细菌、真菌多样性及群落构成变化,表明多样性指数显著降低和群落结构失衡的打破可能和土壤pH、养分和酶活性的变化密切相关。Objective:To study the relationship between Atractylodes lancea(Thunb.)DC.root rot and rhizosphere soil microbial community,in order to provide a basis for the control and control technology of A.lancea root rot microorganisms.Methods:In this paper,the changes of soil nutrients and the enzyme activities in the rhizosphere soil of A.lancea without planting,healthy and diseased plants of A.lancea were compared.The community structure of bacteria and fungi in the root rot soil of A.lancea was studied with Illumina miseq high-throughput sequencing.Results:The root rot was infected,the pH of the rhizosphere soil of the A.lancea plants decreased,and the organic matter,available nitrogen and available phosphorus increased significantly;the invertase activity increased,but the catalase activity decreased;the diversity and abundance of bacteria and fungi were both decreased significantly.The abundance of pathogens such as Fusarium and Athelia was increased significantly,while the abundance of pathogenic microorganisms such as Mortierella,Penicillium and Pseudomonas decreased,which may be the main reason of A.lancea root disease.Conclusion:By analyzing the diversity and the community composition of bacteria and fungi,it was indicated that the significant decrease of diversity index and the the breaking of imbalance of community structure may be closely related to the changes in soil pH,nutrients and enzyme activities.

关 键 词：茅苍术 根腐病 酶活性 根际微生物群落 多样性 

分 类 号：Q436.5[生物学—生理学]