浅谈三对“轴心”脏腑及其关系  

Discussion About Three Pairs of"Axis"Viscera and Their Relationship

作　　者：郭林轩 李明[2] GUO Lin-xuan;LI Ming(Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin,China,300000;Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin,China,300000)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津300000 [2]天津市中医药研究院附属医院,天津300000

出　　处：《河南中医》2022年第3期353-357,共5页Henan Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘　　要：人体脏腑中,脾胃、肝肺、心肾三个"轴心"脏腑构成了人体的气机运动中心。脾胃轴心的生理功能体现在调节气机升降出入上,当其出现异常,由脾胃轴心维系的正常生理功能就会失常,也会导致其他相关脏腑疾病及营卫失调。治疗当谨守病机,把握好具体疾病的标本缓急、虚实寒热,注重气机的调整,应用药物的升降浮沉以调治气机的升降失常。肝肺轴心在调节气机升降,推动气血运行、津液代谢方面发挥了紧密的协同作用。当肝肺轴心出现紊乱时,气机升降和气血运行、津液代谢方面会出现相应的问题,脾胃升降也受到其影响而失常,出现脾胃轴心的病证;肾中阳气借助肝气生发不能升腾至上焦,心火也不能借助肺气清肃下潜至下焦;肝病及肺;出现血液、水液代谢失常的疾病。应针对主要病机进行治疗。心肾轴心机能可以概括为水火既济、君相安位,心肾轴心出现紊乱,因其升降的相因性,往往二脏同时出现病变。如心阳不足,不能下降暖肾,肾水不温;或肾阳不足,阳虚水泛,水饮上冲于心;肾阴不足,不能上滋心阴,导致心阴亏虚,心阳偏亢;肾阳不足,不能蒸腾阴液于上,心阴不足,心阳偏亢;或阳气上亢于心,不能潜敛,肾阳失温,则为上热下寒之证。应先判断其主要病机,之后仔细分析阳气阴液在心肾中的偏亢与不足。脾胃、肝肺、心肾三对轴心脏腑在生理上虽各司其职,却有着密切的协同关系,应分清主次,兼顾彼此。Among the viscera of human body,the three"axis"viscera of spleen and stomach,liver and lung,heart and kidney constitute the movement center of qi movement of human body.The physiological function of the spleen-stomach axis is reflected in regulating ascending,descending,exiting and entering of qi movement.When it is abnormal,the normal physiological function maintained by the spleen-stomach axis will be abnormal,and will also lead to other related visceral diseases and disharmony between nutrient and defense qi.The treatment should focus on observing the pathogenesis,grasp the emergency degree of the incidental and radical,deficiency,excess,cold and heat,pay attention to the adjustment of qi movement,and apply ascending,descending,exiting and entering of drugs to adjust and treat the disturbance in ascending and descending of qi movement.The liver-lung axis plays a close synergistic role in regulating ascending and descending of qi movement,promoting the circulation of qi and blood and body fluid metabolism.When the axis of liver and lung is disordered,there will be corresponding problems,and the ascending and descending of spleen and stomach are also affected by it,resulting in the disease syndrome of spleen-stomach axis.If the yang qi in the kidney cannot rise to the upper energizer with the help of liver qi,and the heart fire cannot descend to the lower energizer with the help of lung qi for clearing and descending;Liver disease can also affect the lungs;Diseases with abnormal blood and water metabolism will also occur.Therefore,the main pathogenesis should be treated.The heart mechanism of the heart-kidney axis can be summarized as water-fire coordination,monarch-minister safety.If the heart-kidney axis is disordered,the two organs will often have lesions at the same time because of the cause-effect of its ascending and descending.For example,if the heart yang is insufficient and cannot descend to warm the kidney,the kidney water will not be warm.Or if the kidney yang is insufficient,with yang deficiency and

关 键 词：脏腑 “轴心” 脾胃 肝肺 心肾 

分 类 号：R256[医药卫生—中医内科学]