湿地对福州市热岛效应影响遥感分析  

The impact of wetland on heat island effect using remote sensing technology in Fuzhou

作　　者：项小云 杜嘉[2] 宋开山[2] 赵博宇 周昊昊 郭萍萍 张丽烟 胡雅婷[5] XIANG Xiaoyun;DU Jia;SONG Kaishan;ZHAO Boyu;ZHOU Haohao;GUO Pingping;ZHANG Liyan;HU Yating(Jiangsu Xinhai Senior High School,Lianyungang 222005,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;Minjiang River Estuary Wetland National Nature Reserve Administrative Office,Fuzhou 350000,China;Jin’an District Bureau of Natural Resources and Planning,Fuzhou 350000,China;College of Information Technology,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省新海高级中学,连云港222005 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102 [3]福建闽江河口湿地国家级自然保护区管理处,福州350000 [4]福州市晋安区自然资源和规划局,福州350000 [5]吉林农业大学信息技术学院,长春130118

出　　处：《地球环境学报》2021年第4期411-424,共14页Journal of Earth Environment

基　　金：福建省长乐市科技发展项目(Y7F1021001)~~。

摘　　要：以4期Landsat TM/OLI影像为基础,利用大气校正后的单窗算法对福州市地表温度进行反演并验证。进而利用ArcGIS的空间分析工具和土地利用/覆被类型数据,进行湿地对福州市热岛效应影响分析。结果显示:(1)通过地表温度实测数据对地表温度反演结果进行验证,二者之间R;值为0.9475,满足研究需要;(2)各土地利用/覆被类型中建设用地和道路的温度最高,成为城市热岛的主要热源。建设用地在所有地物中所占比例由1985年的10.6%增大到2015年的23.4%,其城市热岛贡献指数(UHI)由1985年的24%上升到93%;(3)湿地的冷岛效应对周围地物的高温环境具有一定的缓解作用,但是针对不同地物类型其影响范围并不相同;(4)1985—2015年湿地面积不断减少,冷岛效应正在逐渐减弱。湿地对周边地物地表温度的影响距离400 m减小到360 m,影响面积也由352 km^(2)减小到320 km^(2),影响范围下降的平均速度为0.94 km^(2)·a^(-1)。Background,aim,and scope With rapid urbanization and industry development,urban heat island effect is becoming more and more prominent.Recently,Fuzhou,largest city in Southeast China,has continued to expand due to the continuous economic development,making urban heat island effect increasing.Wetland has a certain cooling effect on surrounding area.Quantitative analysis of the impact of the wetland factors on urban heat island is critical for further study.On urban heat island mitigation,useful recommendations for policy and practice can be formulated based on the Quantitative analysis.Materials and methods Based on Landsat series images,the single window algorithm with atmospheric correction was used to estimate land surface temperature(LST)of Fuzhou.Furthermore,the spatial analysis tool of ArcGIS and land use type data were used to study the wetland impact on the heat island effect in Fuzhou.Results The results showed:(1)The area proportion of construction land in all land use types increased from 10.6%in 1985 to 23.4%in 2015.At the same time,the urban heat island contribution index(UHI)for construction land rose from 24%to 93%.(2)The impact distance of wetlands on construction land is 270—510 m,while 210—480 m on road.(3)The cooling effect of wetland on neighbor area diminished with wetland area decreasing during the period of 1985—2015.The influence distance of wetland on the LST of surrounding area decreased from 400 m to 360 m.Meanwhile,the affected area reduces from 352 km^(2)to 320 km^(2).The average decreased speed of impact area was 0.94 km^(2)·a^(-1).Discussion The wetland has a certain cooling effect on surrounding environment,and the results support this effect diminishes with loss of wetland area.And,compared with this study,the present study focused on how wetlands affect the surrounding LST distribution characteristics only and ignored how wetlands structure influences surrounding areas.Our further study will concentrate on the impact of wetland area and shape on urban heat island intensity.

关 键 词：城市热岛 湿地冷岛效应 单窗算法 Landsat影像 

分 类 号：TP751[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] X16[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]