木质素基模板炭的制备及电化学性能  

Preparation of Lignin-based Template Carbon and Its Electrochemical Performance

作　　者：陈浩伟 余先纯[1] 张传艳 李銮玉 孙德林[1] 郝晓峰[1] CHEN Haowei;YU Xianchun;ZHANG Chuanyan;LI Luanyu;SUN Delin;HAO Xiaofeng(College of Material Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学材料科学与工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第24期24164-24171,共8页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071851;31670572)。

摘　　要：以造纸黑液碱木质素为碳前驱体、硅藻土为模板,采用高温烧结和水热活化制备有序排列的硅藻土模板炭。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(RS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等对其进行分析与表征,并通过测试恒电流充放电、循环伏安法、交流阻抗、循环寿命等来研究其电化学性能。结果表明:所制备的模板炭生长在硅藻土的孔隙中,呈现出中空管状结构。当木质素/硅藻土质量比为1∶1,将其于900℃烧结2 h后,再通过180℃水热反应活化10 h,制备的模板炭电极材料具有较好的电化学性能。在电流密度为0.5 A/g时,该材料的质量比电容可达207.65 F/g;而在电流密度为2 A/g时,经过5000次循环充放电后,其比电容保持率仍达到95.4%,这表明所制备的木质素基模板炭材料具有良好的电化学性能。Using pulping black liquor lignin as carbon precursor and diatomaceous earth as template,high temperature sintering and hydrothermal activation are used to prepare ordered diatomaceous earth template carbon.Diffraction of X-ray(XRD),Raman spectra(RS),scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)are employed to analyze and cha-racterize the basic properties,and the electrochemical performance was studied through constant current charging and discharging,cyclic voltammetry,AC impedance and cyclic life,etc.The results show that the prepared template carbon grows in the pore of diatomite and presents a hollow tubular structure.When the mass ratio of lignin/diatomite is 1∶1,after sintering at 900℃for 2 h,and then hydrothermally acticated at 180℃for 10 h,the template carbon electrode materials has better electrochemical performance.As the current density is 0.5 A/g,the mass specific capacitance of the material can reach 207.65 F/g;after 5000 cycles of charging and discharging at the current density of 2 A/g,the specific capacitance retention rate still reaches 95.4%,indicating that the prepared lignin-based template carbon material has good electrochemical performance.

关 键 词：硅藻土模板炭 黑液木质素 制备工艺 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]