磷-硫-钒-水体系酸性溶液中钒的提取热力学分析  

Thermodynamic Analysis of Phosphorus-Sulfur-VanadiumWater Acidic System for the Extraction of Vanadium

作　　者：张伟光 张廷安 孙颖[1,2] 吕国志 曹雪娇 Zhang Weiguang;Zhang Tingan;Sun Ying;Lv Guozhi;Cao Xuejiao(School of Metallurgy,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Key Laboratory of Ecological Metallurgy of Multi-metal Intergrown Ores of Ministry of Education,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学冶金学院,辽宁沈阳110819 [2]多金属共生矿生态化冶金教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2021年第12期4265-4271,共7页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N182504018);National Natural Science Foundation of China(51874078);Fund of Liaoning S&T Project(20180551008)。

摘　　要：针对含钒酸浸液中钒的有效提取问题,研究了298 K时磷-硫-钒-水溶液酸性体系中钒的提取热力学分析过程。结果表明,在P(V)-V(V)-H_(2)O酸性溶液体系中,pH=1~4时VO_(2)^(+)首先转变为磷钒杂多酸阴离子,pH=4~7时磷钒杂多酸阴离子转变为同多酸阴离子;在S(VI)-V(V)-H_(2)O酸性溶液体系中,pH=0~1时钒主要以VO_(2)^(+)和VO_(2)SO_(4)^(-)形式存在,pH=2~6时钒逐渐转变为同多酸阴离子;在P(V)-S(VI)-V(V)-H2O酸性溶液体系中,pH=1~3时VO_(2)^(+)和VO_(2)SO_(4)^(-)逐渐转变为磷钒杂多酸阴离子,当pΗ=2时ΣPV_(14)(所有磷钒杂多酸阴离子之和)的摩尔分数最大为88.55%;pH=4~6时,磷钒杂多酸阴离子消失并逐渐转变为同多酸阴离子,当pΗ=5时ΣV_(10)(所有同多酸阴离子之和)的摩尔分数最大为100.00%。To extract vanadium efficiently from the acidic leachate of vanadium slag,a thermodynamic analysis of phosphorus-sulfurvanadium-water acidic systems was established at 298 K.Results show that in the P(V)-V(V)-H_(2)O acidic system,VO_(2)+is first converted to phosphovanadic heteropolyacid ions when pH=1~4 and then converted to vanadium isopolyacid ions when pH=4~7.In the S(VI)-V(V)-H_(2)O acidic system,VO_(2)^(+)and VO_(2)SO_(4)^(-)are the main existing chemical forms when pH=0~1 and gradually converted to vanadium isopolyacid ions when pH=2~6.In the P(V)-S(VI)-V(V)-H_(2)O acidic system,when pH=1~3,VO_(2)+and VO_(2)SO_(4)^(-)are gradually converted to phosphovanadic heteropolyacid ions.The optimum molar fraction ofΣPV^(14)(total sum of phosphovanadic heteropolyacid ions)reaches 88.55%at pH=2.As the pH value increases to 4~6,phosphovanadic heteropolyacid ion gradually disappears and is converted to vanadium isopolyacid anions,and the optimum molar fraction ofΣV_(10)(total sum of vanadium isopolyacid ions containing ten vanadium)is 100.00%at pH=5.

关 键 词：钒 热力学 同多酸 杂多酸 络合 

分 类 号：TF841.3[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]