农户土地承包权退出:目标、难点及其条件  

Withdrawal of Farmers’Land Contracting Right:Objectives,Difficulties and Conditions

作　　者：余晓洋 Yu Xiao-yang

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《经济学家》2022年第1期115-126,共12页Economist

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国三大平原‘资源—要素—政策’相协调的粮食和生态‘双安全’研究”(20&ZD094);国家社会科学基金一般项目“小农户土地承包权退出问题研究”(19BJY124);国家社会科学基金一般项目“玉米收储政策改革的效率检视、目标评估和政策优化研究”(20BJY147)。

摘　　要：农村土地承包权的优化与集中是现代化进程中不可回避的问题,然而,土地承包权退出却一直是中国农村土地制度改革中十分棘手的难点。研究表明:土地承包权退出具有推进农业转移人口市民化和增强规模经营主体农地产权稳定性的政策目标。但是,现阶段市民待遇难以分享、城市迁移成本过高、非农就业能力不足以及经济补偿不尽合理等方面的因素,导致"进城"的"拉力"和"离土"的"推力"十分微弱,进一步掣肘了农户土地承包权退出的实践进程。为此,从同质的城市居民待遇、多维的城市住房保障、持续的非农就业能力和合理的经济补偿制度四个维度,构设农户土地承包权退出的条件,进而有效引导农户土地承包权有序退出。The optimization and centralization of rural land contracting right is inevitable in the process of modernization,however,the withdrawal of land contracting right has always been delicate in the reform of rural land system in China.The research shows that the withdrawal of land contracting right has the goal of promoting the citizenization of agricultural transfer population and enhancing the stability of agricultural land property rights of scale management subjects.However,at this stage,factors such as the difficulty of sharing citizen benefits,the excessively high cost of urban migration,insufficient non-agricultural employment capacity,and insufficient economic compensation,have led to the weak"pull"of"entering the city"and"push"of"leaving the land",which further restricts the practical process of farmers’withdrawal of land contracting right.For this reason,we should establish the conditions for the withdrawal of farmers’land contract rights from the four dimensions of homogeneous urban residents’treatment,multi-dimensional urban housing security,continuous non-agricultural employment capacity and a reasonable economic compensation system,so as to effectively guide the orderly withdrawal of rural households’land contracting rights.

关 键 词：市民待遇 难点 条件 承包权退出 

分 类 号：F301.1[经济管理—产业经济]