西安市某三甲医院2015—2019年住院死亡病例的流行病学特点分析  

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of hospitalized death cases in a tertiary first-class hospital of Xi’an from 2015 to 2019

作　　者：陈燕 CHEN Yan(Disease Prevention and Control Department,Ninth Hospital of Xi'an,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]西安市第九医院疾病预防控制科,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《临床医学研究与实践》2022年第1期10-13,18,共5页Clinical Research and Practice

摘　　要：目的分析西安市某三甲医院2015—2019年住院死亡病例的病死率变化趋势、性别、年龄构成及死因顺位等,为进一步开展疾病防治、降低患者病死率提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统选取西安市某三甲医院网报的2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日的2 613例死亡病例,收集并整理该院同期出院患者总例数,使用Excel2007和SPSS17.0软件分析各年度病死率、性别和年龄构成、主要死因分布及其顺位情况、主要死因的病种构成及其顺位、住院死亡患者的职业分布及死亡时间分布。结果 2015—2019年该院出院患者为144 017例,死亡患者共2 613例,病死率为1.81%,2016—2019年,住院患者总体病死率呈逐年下降趋势。男性病死率明显高于女性(P<0.05)。80岁以上人群的病死率最高,为5.06%,51岁以上患者为主要集中死亡人群,占所有死亡患者的93.30%。死因前三位分别是循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病;主要死因的疾病病种前三位分别是脑卒中、冠心病及肺癌。职业分布的前三位分别为离退休人员、无业人员及农民。在月份分布上,11、12、1月份死亡病例数均高于其他月份。结论 2015—2019年,西安市某三甲医院住院死亡患者多为中老年男性患者,该院死亡患者的主要死因为循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病,死亡的主要疾病病种为脑卒中(脑梗死、脑出血)、冠心病及肺癌,11、12、1月份死亡病例数均高于其他月份。医院应加强循环系统疾病、肿瘤和呼吸系统疾病的学科建设,提高医疗服务质量,降低病死率,医院和社区应多宣传重点疾病的防治知识,多倡导健康的生活方式,呼吁全社会多关注老年人的健康水平。Objective To analyze the change trend of mortality,gender,age composition and sequence of death causes of hospitalized death cases in a tertiary first-class hospital of Xi’an from 2015 to 2019,so as to provide basis for further disease prevention and control and reducing the mortality of patients.Methods From the China disease prevention and control information system,2 613 death cases reported on the website of a tertiary first-class hospital of Xi’an from January1,2015 to December 31,2019 were selected,and the total number of discharged cases in the same period was collected and sorted.The annual mortality,gender and age composition,distribution and ranking of main causes of death,disease composition and ranking of main causes of death,occupational distribution and time distribution of hospitalized death patients were analyzed by Excel 2007 and SPSS17.0 software.Results From 2015 to 2019,there were 144 017 patients discharged from the hospital and 2 613 dead patients,with mortality of 1.81%.From 2016 to 2019,the overall mortality of inpatients showed a downward trend year by year.The mortality of male was significantly higher than that of female(P<0.05).The mortality of people with over 80 years old was the highest,which was 5.06%.Patients with over 51 years old were the main death population,accounting for 93.30% of all death patients.The top three causes of death were circulatory diseases,tumors and respiratory diseases;the top three disease type of main cause of death were stroke,coronary heart disease and lung cancer.The top three occupations were retirees,unemployed and farmers.In terms of monthly distribution,the number of deaths in November,December and January were higher than that in other months.Conclusion From 2015 to 2019,most of the hospitalized death patients in a tertiary first-class hospital of Xi’an are middle-aged and elderly male patients.The main causes of death in the hospital are circulatory diseases,tumors and respiratory diseases.The main diseases of death are stroke(cerebral infar

关 键 词：死亡病例 死因 病死率 流行病学 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]