试论安福国会对巴黎和会的反应与应对  

On the Response and Countermeasures of Anfu Congress to the Paris Peace Conference

作　　者：严泉[1] YAN Quan(Department of history,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学历史学系,上海200444

出　　处：《安徽史学》2022年第1期47-55,共9页Historical Research In Anhui

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国国会会议史”(19ZDA210)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在巴黎和会开幕之前,安福国会最重要的反应是提出外交议案,内容涵盖和会筹备与中国外交目标。巴黎和会召开之后,国会关注的内容包括和会应对策略、对日外交与山东问题等。从方式来看,分为立法与行政监督两种形式。前者主要是指国会议员提出与和会外交有关的提议案、建议案,提交委员会与院会议决后咨送政府。后者则是通过质询权、弹劾权与查办权的行使,监督政府的外交活动。国会在巴黎和会期间的表现,除外来舆论压力因素之外,还与其维护派系与自身利益有关,突出表现为处理与政府的关系。从实际成效来看,国会的作用还是有限的,不过在制度形式上,其表现可以视为近代中国议会外交的初试。Before the Paris peace conference opening,upcoming foreign bills is the most important reactions of Anfu congress,covers and preparation and China’s foreign policy goals.Attention including the coping strategies of the Paris peace conference,Japan diplomacy and Shandong issue,etc.It divided into two kinds of forms,legislative and administrative supervision.The former mainly refers to the members of congress proposed the bill and suggestion related with peace conference diplomacy,passed by the committee and the court,then send to government after meeting.The latter are questioning power,the impeachment power through the exercise of the right of investigation,monitoring the government’s diplomacy.Congress’s performance during the Paris peace conference,in addition to the external pressure of public opinion,but also to the factions with their own interests,outstanding performance for dealing with the government.From the point of actual effect in foreign issues,the role of congress is limited,but form in the system,its performance can be regarded as first parliamentary diplomacy in modern China.

关 键 词：安福国会 巴黎和会 中国外交 民初政治 

分 类 号：K258.4[历史地理—历史学]