基于半导体量子点的电致化学发光试剂的研究进展  

Recent Advances in Semiconductor Quantum Dots as Electrogenerated Chemiluminescence Reagents

作　　者：张连梅 王宇红[1] 赵英杰[1] 刘璐 毛雪 邸萌婕 ZHANG Lian-mei;WANG Yu-hong;ZHAO Ying-jie;LIU Lu;MAO Xue;DI Meng-jie(Laboratory of Microbiology,Lanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州市疾病预防控制中心微生物实验室,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《化学试剂》2022年第2期169-177,共9页Chemical Reagents

摘　　要：电致化学发光因为不需要激发光源,没有杂散光的干扰,实验设备简单且具有背景信号低、灵敏度高的优点,近年来在环境监测、食品安全分析、生物传感和成像等领域都引起了科学家们广泛的关注。在电致化学发光技术中,发光试剂无疑是最重要的组成部件。随着纳米科学和技术的迅猛发展,半导体量子点由于尺寸调控带隙、表面易于改性和表面态依赖性的电子转移、良好的发光强度和单色性而成为一类理想的电致化学发光试剂。首先简要介绍电致化学发光及其机理,接着重点总结各类半导体量子点的电致化学发光特性,最后对基于半导体量子点的电致化学发光试剂存在的挑战和机遇进行讨论。Benefitting from no requirement of excitation light sources,no presence of background emissions from unexpected photoexcitation,simple instruments and apparatus,along with its high sensitivity and low signal-to-noise ratio,electrogenerated chemiluminescence(ECL)has been a superior analytical tool and attracts widespread interests from scientists in the areas of environmental monitoring,food safety analysis,biosensing and bioimaging.With the rapid development of nanoscience and nanotechnology,the novel semiconductor quantum dots(QDs)are affording a new opportunity for exploring ideal nanomaterial based ECL reagents due to their size-regulated band gap,easy surface modification and surface state-dependent electron transfer,excellent emission intensity and monochromaticity.We firstly provided a brief overview of ECL fundamentals,and then placed emphasis on the ECL characteristics of different kinds of semiconductor QDs.The current challenges and perspectives on semiconductor QDs based ECL reagents were finally discussed as well.

关 键 词：电致化学发光 发光试剂 纳米颗粒 半导体量子点 共反应剂 

分 类 号：O646[理学—物理化学]