卢安夏沉积型铜矿带塌陷区露天开采技术实践  

Practice of Open-pit Mining Technology in Subsidence Area of Luanxia Sedimentary Copper Belt

作　　者：姚高辉 肖云涛 YAO Gaohui;XIAO Yuntao(CNMC Luanxia Copper Industry Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中色卢安夏铜业有限公司

出　　处：《现代矿业》2022年第1期57-61,共5页Modern Mining

摘　　要：卢安夏铜矿地表氧化帽之下存在大量的地下采空区,地表也有大规模的塌陷区。为解决复杂环境下的露天矿山开采技术难题,实现卢安夏铜矿塌陷区氧化矿资源的安全高效开采,通过数值模拟和类比分析,确定卢安夏露天开采隔离层的最小安全厚度为16~20 m;运用地质勘探、超前探测和穿孔作业等技术手段,实现了采空区精细探测,消除了露天矿山的安全隐患;通过实施小药量多次爆破控制技术,缓和了公司与当地居民之间的矛盾;对露天坑底境界外地下水位以下资源实施“两步骤”开采,提高了露天开采回收率。卢安夏铜矿塌陷区露天开采技术的成功应用,对于地下采空区上方露天矿安全高效开采问题给出了有效的解决方案和途径,可为非洲中南部同类矿山提供指导和借鉴。There are a large number of underground mined-out areas under the surface oxidation cap of Luanxia Copper Mine,and there are also large-scale subsidence areas on the surface.In order to solve the technical problems of open-pit mining in complex environments and realize the safe and efficient min⁃ing of oxide ore resources in the subsidence area of Luanxia Copper Mine,the minimum safe thickness of the isolation layer in Luanxia open-pit mining was determined to be 16~20 m through numerical simulation and analogy analysis.Technical means such as geological prospecting,advanced detection and perforation operations have been used to achieve fine detection of goafs and eliminate potential safety hazards in open pit mines.Through the implementation of small-volume multiple blasting control technology,the conflict between the company and local residents has been eased.The implementation of"two-step"mining of re⁃sources below the groundwater level outside the boundary of the open pit has improved the recovery rate of open pit mining.The successful application of open-pit mining technology in the subsidence area of Luanxia Copper Mine provides effective solutions and approaches to the safe and efficient mining of open-pit mines above the underground goaf,which can provide guidance and reference for similar mines in Central and Southern Africa.

关 键 词：沉积岩型铜矿床 塌陷区 地下水 安全开采 

分 类 号：TD854.4[矿业工程—金属矿开采]