基于故障树方法的铁路隧道紧急救援站间距分析  

Analysis on Distance between Emergency Rescue Stations in Railway Tunnels Based on Fault Tree Method

作　　者：于丽[1,2] 刘雨竹 郭晓晗[1,2] 罗翔 王明年 何佳银[3] YU Li;LIU Yuzhu;GUO Xiaohan;LUO Xiang;WANG Mingnian;HE Jiayin(School of Civil Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Southwest Jiaotong University,Key Laboratory of Transportation Tunnel Engineering,Chengdu 610031,China;Yunnan Broadvision Engineering Consultants,Kunming 650041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学土木工程学院,成都610031 [2]西南交通大学交通隧道工程教育部重点实验室,成都610031 [3]云南省交通规划设计研究院有限公司,昆明650041

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2022年第2期111-116,共6页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家铁路局课题研究计划(KF2019-017);中国铁路总公司科技研究开发计划项目(K2018G012,P2018G007);中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司科研项目(科2019-070);云南省交通运输厅科技项目(云交科教便[2019]36号)。

摘　　要：为研究铁路隧道紧急救援站合理间距,给铁路隧道防灾疏散救援土建结构设计提供参考,在分析铁路隧道紧急救援站设置影响因素的基础上,采用故障树分析方法,综合考虑隧道设计参数、列车制动性能、人员操作失误、火灾燃烧特性等关键因素,演绎分析建立相应的故障树模型,得到火灾列车不能到达紧急救援站事故的风险概率。研究结果表明:(1)采用故障树分析法能够直观地阐明不能到达紧急救援站这一事故的逻辑关系;(2)提出紧急救援站间距为20 km时,火灾列车不能到达紧急救援站概率为0.0634%~0.0661%,当间距增大到30 km时,概率值增大到24.13%~29.15%,确定了紧急救援站间距的建议取值;(3)在铁路隧道运营期间应注重预防火灾对列车动力部件的损坏,在关键部位采用耐火阻燃材料,保障列车的残余运行能力。In order to study the reasonable railway tunnel emergency station spacing and provide references for railway tunnel disaster evacuation and rescue of civil structure design,tunnel design parameters,train braking performance,staff error,and the probability of a rescue train failing to reach the emergency station are analyzed,and corresponding fault tree model is established with deductive analysis and fault tree analysis method based on the analysis of the influence factors in setting up railway tunnel emergency stations.The results show that:(1)The fault tree analysis method can intuitively explain the logical relationship of the failure to reach the emergency rescue station;(2)The probability that the rescue train cannot reach the emergency rescue station is 0.0634%~0.0661%when the distance between emergency rescue stations is 20 km,and it increases to 24.13%~29.15%when the distance between emergency rescue stations is 30 km.The proposed distance between emergency rescue stations is determined.(3)During the operation period of railway tunnel,attention should be paid to the prevention of fire damage to the train power parts,and fire retardant materials should be used in the key parts to ensure the residual operating capacity of the train.

关 键 词：铁路隧道 特长隧道 火灾 紧急救援站 残余运行能力 故障树分析法 

分 类 号：U459.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程] U458[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]