妊娠期糖尿病中自我管理教育与早期干预的应用  

Application of Self-management Education and Early Intervention in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：孔会芳[1] 宋花蕾[1] 张静[1] 陈泓颖 KONG Huifang;SONG Hualei;ZHANG Jing;CHEN Hongying(Department of Obstetrics,Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University,Binzhou Shandong 256600,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院附属医院产科,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《中国卫生标准管理》2022年第1期76-79,共4页China Health Standard Management

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2017WS753)。

摘　　要：目的探究与分析自我管理教育与早期干预在妊娠期糖尿病中的应用。方法采取随机数字表法对选取医院自2018年3月-2020年3月收治的妊娠期糖尿病患者110例分组,各55例,对照组给予早期干预,观察组加用自我管理教育,对比两组患者干预前后血糖指标、自我管理行为、妊娠结局指标。结果观察组干预后与对照组干预后相比空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白指标均较低,饮食控制、规律锻炼、遵循医嘱、血糖监测、足部护理、预防及处理高低血糖、自我管理总分均较高,妊娠期高血压疾病率、羊水过多率、剖宫产率、巨大儿率、新生儿低血糖率均较低,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论自我管理教育联合早期干预应用于妊娠期糖尿病患者中可有效的促进改善血糖指标,帮助患者获得更好的自我管理行为,获得更好的妊娠结局。Objective To explore and analyze the application of selfmanagement education and early intervention in gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A random number table method was used to select 110 gestational diabetes mellitus patients admitted to our hospital from March 2018 to March 2020,with 55 cases in each group.The control group was given early intervention,and the observation group was given self-management education.Compared two groups of patients before and after intervention,blood glucose indicators,self-management behavior,pregnancy outcome indicators.Results Compared with the control group,the observation group had lower fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,and glycosylated hemoglobin indexes after intervention.Diet control,regular exercise,following doctor’s orders,blood glucose monitoring,foot care,prevention and treatment of high and low blood glucose,the total scores of self-management were all higher.The rate of hypertension during pregnancy,the rate of polyhydramnios,the rate of cesarean section,the rate of macrosomia,and the rate of neonatal hypoglycemia were all lower,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of self-management education combined with early intervention in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus can effectively promote the improvement of blood glucose indicators,help patients obtain better self-management behaviors,and obtain better pregnancy outcomes.

关 键 词：自我管理教育 早期干预 妊娠期糖尿病 自我管理能力 血糖指标 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R587[医药卫生—内分泌]