不同碳化硅和球形石墨含量对混杂增强铝基复合材料力学性能的影响  

Effects of Reinforcement Proportion on Mechanical Properties of SiC;and Spherical Graphite Particles Reinforced Al Composites

作　　者：金延文 李泽琛 孙海霞 宋保永 王君 王东[1] 马宗义[1] JIN Yan-wen;LI Ze-chen;SUN Hai-xia;SONG Bao-yong;WANG Jun;WANG Dong;MA Zong-yi(Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Beijing Institute of Astronautical System Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所师昌绪先进材料创新中心,沈阳110016 [2]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2022年第1期101-108,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51931009)。

摘　　要：目的研究不同增强相配比对SiC_(p)与球形石墨颗粒混杂增强铝基复合材料力学性能的影响。方法以6092铝合金为基体,采用粉末冶金法制备了球形石墨颗粒(Gr)、SiC_(p)单相增强以及SiC_(p)和Gr混杂增强的铝基复合材料,通过挤压塑性变形与T6强化热处理进一步改善材料的力学性能。结果所制备的复合材料无孔洞等缺陷,致密度达99%以上。通过XRD分析发现材料中存在Mg_(2)Si和脆性的MgAl_(2)O_(4),通过SEM和EDS对微观组织分析,未发现增强相与基体之间存在界面反应。室温拉伸实验表明,复合材料中随Gr含量的升高,复合材料的力学性能显著降低,当Gr体积分数为15%时,屈服强度、抗拉强度和伸长率相较于基体分别降低了13%,23%,87%;混杂增强的复合材料中,(10%SiC_(p)+5%Gr)/6092Al相较于基体抗拉强度和屈服强度分别提高了3%和8%。结论复合材料在拉伸过程中微裂纹首先在Gr-Al界面形成;当Gr体积分数≥7.5%时,Gr容易聚集,使复合材料力学性能严重降低。The work aims to study the effects of different reinforcement proportion on mechanical properties of SiC_(p) and spherical graphite particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites.6092 aluminum alloy was used as the matrix to prepare aluminum matrix composite with spherical graphite particles(Gr),SiC_(p) single-phase reinforcement,and hybrid reinforcement of SiC_(p) and Gr by powder metallurgy.The mechanical properties of the material were further improved through extrusion plastic deformation and T6 state treatment.The results showed that the prepared composite had no defects such as holes and the relative density was over 99%.Through XRD analysis,it was found that there were Mg_(2)Si and brittle MgAl_(2)O_(4) in the material.Through SEM and EDS analysis of the microstructure,no interface reaction between the reinforcing phase and the matrix was found.Tensile experiments at room temperature showed that with the increase of Gr content,the mechanical properties of the compos-ite material were seriously reduced.When the volume fraction of Gr was 15%,the yield strength,tensile strength and elongation were reduced by 13%,23%and 87%respectively compared with the matrix.In the hybrid reinforced composite material,com-pared to the matrix,the tensile strength and yield strength of(10%SiC_(p)+5%Gr)/6092Al increased by 3%and 8%,respectively.Fracture analysis shows that microcracks first form at the Gr-Al interface during the stretching process;when the volume frac-tion Gr is≥7.5%,Gr is likely to aggregate,which seriously reduces the mechanical properties of the composite material.

关 键 词：铝基复合材料 SIC颗粒 球形石墨颗粒 混杂增强 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]