有机氮和土著AMF对辣椒||菜豆生长及竞争力的影响  

Effects of organic nitrogen and indigenous AMF on growth and competitiveness of pepper-common bean intercropping

作　　者：周洪印 张仕颖[1,2] 赵乾旭 李秉轩 包立 岳献荣[1] 夏运生 ZHOU Hongyin;ZHANG Shiying;ZHAO Qianxu;LI Bingxuan;BAO Li;YUE Xianrong;XIA Yunsheng(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Soil Fertilization and Pollution Remediation Engineering Laboratory,Kunming 650201,China;Qilaoxiang Government,Huaiyang District,Zhoukou City,Henan Province,Zhoukou 466743,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省土壤培肥与污染修复工程实验室,昆明650201 [3]河南省周口市淮阳区齐老乡政府,周口466743

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报（中英文）》2022年第2期194-202,共9页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202002AE320005);国家自然科学基金项目(41561057)资助。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, AMF)能促进植物的养分吸收及生长发育。为探明AMF在不同施氮水平下对辣椒||菜豆间作体系植株生长与种间互补和养分竞争的关系,采用盆栽试验,设置3种种植模式(辣椒||菜豆间作、辣椒单作、菜豆单作)、2种土著AMF处理[不接种土著AMF(NM)、接种土著AMF(AMF)]和2种氮处理[不施氮(N0)、施有机氮120 mg(N)·kg^(-1) (N120)],探讨设施条件下接种土著AMF、施有机氮与间作对辣椒和菜豆植株生长及种间竞争能力的影响。结果表明,接种土著AMF均能侵染上述两种蔬菜,施氮可促进间作植株的AMF侵染;接种土著AMF也能促进两种寄主植物菜豆和辣椒的生长,与NM相比,接种土著AMF使辣椒、菜豆植株地上生物量和株高均明显增加,并能提高两种蔬菜氮素吸收效率。NM条件下辣椒对资源的竞争能力强于菜豆,辣椒相对菜豆的种间竞争能力为0.60,辣椒处于优势地位;在AMF条件下辣椒对资源的竞争能力低于菜豆,辣椒相对菜豆的种间竞争能力为-0.37,辣椒处于劣势地位;且两者在N120处理下更明显,分别较N0显著增加125%和降低19%。可见,不同氮处理下辣椒和菜豆种间竞争能力有所不同。所有复合处理中,接种土著AMF和施一定量的有机氮处理能显著促进辣椒和菜豆的生长,也能显著改变辣椒相对菜豆的种间竞争能力。In recent years, continuous pepper cropping and unreasonable application of high nitrogen(N) fertilizer have been the main factors inhibting pepper cultivation with high yield and quality. At present, many theories attempt to explain the interspecific competition in intercropping systems. Moreover, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF) in soil has attracted increasing attention from scientists to improve interspecific competitive interactions. AMF can promote plant nutrient absorption, growth, and development. However,there are few systematic reports on the relationship between AMF on plant interspecific competition and its response to N fertilizer.Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of AMF on plant growth, interspecific complementarity, and nutrient competition in an intercropping system of pepper and common bean under different organic N application levels. This can lay down the foundation for diversified planting of protected vegetables and efficient utilization of nutrient resources. Pot experiments were conducted for three different planting modes: pepper-common bean intercropping, pepper monoculture, and common bean monoculture;and two native AMF treatments: without indigenous AMF(NM) and indigenous AMF inoculation(AMF);and two N treatments: no N(N0),organic N(glutamine, 120 mg·kg^(-1), N120). The effects of inoculation of indigenous AMF, application of organic N and intercropping on plant growth, and interspecific competitiveness of pepper and common bean were studied. The results showed that the inoculation of indigenous AMF infected both common bean and pepper, and organic N application showed the promoting effects. Compared with NM, AMF inoculation significantly increased the aboveground biomasses, plant height of pepper and common bean. The N absorption efficiencies were also increased by 108% under N0 treatment and 98% under N120 treatment for intercropping common bean,and by 40% under N0 treatment and 22% under N120 treatment for intercropping pepper. The results showed that the response

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 有机氮 间作 种间竞争 辣椒 菜豆 

分 类 号：S344.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S641.3[农业科学—农艺学]