Regulation of mTORC1 by amino acids in mammalian cells: A general picture of recent advances  

作　　者：Shizhe Zhang Xueyan Lin Qiuling Hou Zhiyong Hu Yun Wang Zhonghua Wang 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Ruminant Nutrition and Physiology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Shandong Agricultural University,No.61,Daizong Street,Tai'an,Shandong,China

出　　处：《Animal Nutrition》2021年第4期1009-1023,共15页动物营养（英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the Modern Agroindustry Technology Research System of China(No.CARS-36);Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province。

摘　　要：The mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)integrates various types of signal inputs,such as energy,growth factors,and amino acids to regulate cell growth and proliferation mainly through the 2 direct downstream targets,eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 E-binding protein 1(4 EBP1)and ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1(S6 K1).Most of the signal arms upstream of mTORCl including energy status,stress signals,and growth factors converge on the tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)-Ras homologue enriched in brain(Rheb)axis.Amino acids,however,are distinct from other signals and modulate mTORCl using a unique pathway.In recent years,the transmission mechanism of amino acid signals upstream of mTORCl has been gradually elucidated,and some sensors or signal transmission pathways for individual amino acids have also been discovered.With the help of these findings,we propose a general picture of recent advances,which demonstrates that various amino acids from lysosomes,cytoplasm,and Golgi are sensed by their respective sensors.These signals converge on mTORCl and form a huge and complicated signal network with multiple synergies,antagonisms,and feedback mechanisms.

关 键 词：mTORC1 Amino acids LEUCINE MAMMAL Signaling pathway 

分 类 号：S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学]