模拟声源的小尺度爆破模型研制  

Development and Application of Small Scale Blasting Model Based on Simulated Sound Source

作　　者：闫莎莎[1] 王海亮[2] 于福 赵琛 吕莎莎 YAN Shasha;WANG Hailiang;YU Fu;ZHAO Chen;LüShasha(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mining Engineering Education,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;College of Safety and Environmental Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,Shandong,China;China Communications Construction Company Ltd.,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学矿业工程国家级实验教学示范中心,山东青岛266590 [2]山东科技大学安全与环境工程学院,山东青岛266590 [3]中国交通建设股份有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2021年第12期27-32,共6页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2018YFC0604706-05);山东科技大学群星计划(QX2020M02)。

摘　　要：研制了模拟声源的小尺度爆破模型。具体过程为:利用10 g 2号岩石乳化炸药开展现场爆炸试验,获得爆炸噪声的声压及快速傅里叶变换谱线(FFT);将导爆管、鞭炮、发令枪3种模拟声源激发噪声的声压及FFT比对,进行起爆工况贴合度分析,提出导爆管作为实验用模拟声源;开展高帧数高速摄像实验,获得导爆管爆速与爆轰波移动距离关系,拟合回归分析,确定导爆管作为模拟声源的标准长度为36.29~100 cm。应用几何和材料相似原理,设计基于模拟声源的小尺度爆破模型。应用效果表明,模拟声源的小尺度爆破模型可操作性强,实验数据良好,安全性高。In order to solve the technical problem of using small-scale model to simulate tunnel blasting conditions and test tunnel blasting noise,a small-scale blasting model based on simulated sound source is developed.The specific process is as follows:The explosion test of 10 g No.2 rock emulsion explosive is carried out on site,and the sound pressure and fast Fourier transform spectrum(FFT)of explosion noise are obtained;By comparing the sound pressure and FFT of three kinds of simulated sound sources,such as Nonel tube,firecracker and starting gun,the fitting degree of initiation condition is analyzed,and the Nonel tube is selected as the simulated sound source for experiment;The relationship between detonation velocity and moving distance of detonation wave was obtained by high frame number and high-speed camera experiment.The fitting regression(r=0.995)showed that the standard length of the detonator as a simulated sound source was 36.29~100 cm.Based on the principle of geometric similarity and material similarity,taking a subway construction site in Qingdao as the prototype,the geometric similarity ratio,width to height ratio,inner wall absolute roughness and section shape of the model tunnel are determined.A small-scale blasting model based on simulated sound source is designed,and the application effect is tested.The results show that the undergraduate experimental teaching based on the small-scale blasting model is conducive to enhance the design and innovation of the experiment,and help students to improve the experimental practical ability,thinking ability and design ability and the experimental operability is strong.

关 键 词：模拟声源 导爆管 小尺度 爆破模型 爆破噪声 

分 类 号：TJ05[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] G644[文化科学—高等教育学]