黑色枝小蠹生物学特性及越冬成虫耐寒性  

Biological characteristics of Xylosandrus compactus and cold tolerance of overwintering adults

作　　者：高磊 孙荣华 孙雪婷 GAO Lei;SUN Ronghua;SUN Xueting(Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning,Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Landscaping of Challenging Urban Sites,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Landscaping on Challenging Urban Sites,Shanghai 200232,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市园林科学规划研究院,城市困难立地生态园林国家林业和草原局重点实验室,上海城市困难立地绿化工程技术研究中心,上海200232

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2022年第1期12-16,共5页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：上海市科委重大项目“花博会重要有害生物监测预警及绿色防控技术研究与应用”(19DZ1204102);上海市科委扬帆计划“暴发性害虫黑色枝小蠹入侵种群扩散机制研究”(21YF1443700);上海市绿化和市容管理局攻关项目“园林新害虫黑色枝小蠹的发生规律及防控技术研究”(G180201)和“‘四化'重要树种小蠹类害虫的监测预警及防控技术研究”(G210201)。

摘　　要：为明确黑色枝小蠹Xylosandrus compactus的生物学特性和越冬成虫的抗寒能力,采用室外监测调查和室内饲养观察相结合的方法,确定黑色枝小蠹的寄主植物、发生动态、生活习性等,测定越冬成虫的低温耐受性。结果表明:黑色枝小蠹危害的寄主植物15种,其在上海地区1 a发生3〜4代,每个虫道内成幼虫(7.06±3.76)头,卵(15.80±5.45)粒,受害的枝条直径0.65〜2.25 cm;越冬状态下每个虫道平均有成虫(16.84±3.84)头,雌雄比约11:1,越冬雌雄成虫的平均过冷却点分别为-18.73℃和-18.25℃,平均冰点分别为-15.18℃和-17.67℃,雌雄虫间均无显著性差异。该结果可为黑色枝小蠹的扩散趋势预测、综合防控等提供依据。In order to identify the biological characteristics of Xylosandrus compactus and cold resistance of the overwintering adults,the host plants,occurrence dynamics,and living habits of X.compactus adults were determined by outdoor monitoring and indoor observation.The cold tolerance of the overwintering adults were also determined.The results showed that X.compactus damaged 15 species of host plants,and had three or four generations a year in Shanghai.The average number of larvae and adults in each gallery were 7.06±3.76,and eggs were 15.80±5.45.The diameter of damaged branches ranged from 0.65 cm to 2.25 cm.There were 16.84±3.84 overwintering adults in each gallery,and the ratio of female to male was 11:1.The supercooling points of female and male adults were-18.73℃ and-18.25℃,and freezing points were-15.18℃ and-17.67℃,respectively.Supercooling points and freezing points had no significant difference between female and male.The results will provide support for further prediction of the dispersion tendency and comprehensive prevention and control of X.compactus.

关 键 词：黑色枝小蠹 生物学特性 过冷却点 冰点 耐寒性 

分 类 号：S763.38[农业科学—森林保护学]