白术多糖对岭南黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及免疫器官发育的影响  

Effects of Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Immune Organ Development of Lingnan Yellow Chickens

作　　者：曹楠 杨舒展 胡春燕 陆智儿 刘洁娜 钱隆 李婉雁 黄运茂 许丹宁 CAO Nan;YANG Shuzhan;HU Chunyan;LU Zhier;LIU Jiena;QIAN Long;LI Wanyan;HUANG Yunmao;XU Danning(College of Animal Science and Technology,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou 510225,China;Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding,Guangzhou 510225,China;Guangzhou Customs Technical Center,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院,广州510225 [2]广东省水禽健康养殖重点实验室,广州510225 [3]广州海关技术中心,广州510000

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期205-214,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(201904010076);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合基金——青年基金项目(2019A1515110106);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202011347144,202011347154)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探索白术多糖(PAMK)对岭南黄鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及免疫器官发育的影响。选择240只健康的1日龄岭南黄鸡,随机分成4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中分别添加100(PAMK100组)、400(PAMK 400组)、800 mg/kg(PAMK800组)的白术多糖。试验期35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,PAMK400组岭南黄鸡1~21日龄和1~35日龄的平均日采食量和料重比均显著降低(P<0.05),总增重和平均日增重均有所升高(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,PAMK100、PAMK400和PAMK800组岭南黄鸡35日龄的屠宰率、半净膛率和全净膛率均显著升高(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,PAMK100组岭南黄鸡21日龄的脾脏指数显著降低(P<0.05),PAMK100和PAMK400组岭南黄鸡21日龄的法氏囊指数显著升高(P<0.05)。4)与对照组相比,PAMK 400组岭南黄鸡肝脏双核细胞数量增多,各种类型细胞形态良好;胸腺中成熟胸腺细胞数量增多,皮髓分界明显;脾脏中淋巴细胞排列密集有序,形态良好;法氏囊中大淋巴滤泡数量增多,滤泡排列也更加紧密。由此可见,饲粮中添加400 mg/kg白术多糖可以提高岭南黄鸡的生长性能和屠宰性能,并促进免疫器官的生长发育。This study aims to explore the effects of polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz(PAMK)on growth performance,slaughter performance and immune organ development of Lingnan yellow chickens.A total of 240 healthy one-day-old Lingnan yellow chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate.Chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 100(PAMK100 group),400(PAMK400 group)and 800 mg/kg(PAMK800 group)polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz,respectively.The experiment lasted for 35 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake and feed to gain ratio of Lingnan yellow chickens during 1 to 21 days of age and 1 to 35 days of age of PAMK400 group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the total weight gain and average daily gain were increased(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the slaughter rate,half eviscerated rate and full evisceration rate of Lingnan yellow chickens at 35 days of age of PAMK100,PAMK400 and PAMK800 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the spleen index of Lingnan yellow chickens at 21 days of age of PAMK100 group was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the bursa of Fabricius index of Lingnan yellow chickens at 21 days of age of PAMK100 and PAMK400 group was significantly increased(P<0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the number of binuclear cells in liver of Lingnan yellow chickens of PAMK400 group was increased,and the cell types of various types were good;the number of mature thymocytes in thymus was increased,and the cortex-medullary boundary was obvious;the lymphocytes in the spleen were densely arranged and orderly,with good morphology;the number of large lymphoid follicles in bursa of Fabricius was increased,and the follicles were arranged more closely.In conclusion,dietary 400 mg/kg polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz can improv

关 键 词：白术多糖 岭南黄鸡 生长性能 屠宰性能 免疫器官 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]