饲粮添加不同水平的维生素A对肉鸡免疫功能及肝脏、十二指肠组织中一氧化氮代谢的影响  

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Different Levels of Vitamin A on Immune Function and Metabolism of Nitric Oxide in Liver and Duodenum of Broilers

作　　者：李胤豪 张清月 郭晓宇[1] 闫素梅[1] 史彬林[1] 赵艳丽[1] LI Yinhao;ZHANG Qingyue;GUO Xiaoyu;YAN Sumei;SHI Binlin;ZHAO Yanli(Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science,Collage of Animal Science,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,动物营养与饲料科学自治区高等学校重点实验室,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期228-236,共9页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2015BS0315);内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目(NJZZ16056)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的维生素A对肉鸡免疫功能及肝脏、十二指肠组织中一氧化氮(NO)含量及诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)基因相对表达量的影响。采用单因子完全随机试验设计,选取1日龄爱拔益加(AA)肉鸡240只(公母各占1/2),随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只。各组分别在基础饲粮中添加不同水平的维生素A,添加水平依次为3000、6000、15000、30000和45000 IU/kg。试验期42 d。结果表明:1)饲粮维生素A水平对21和42日龄肉鸡法氏囊指数均存在趋于显著的影响(P=0.078,P=0.060),以6000和15000 IU/kg组法氏囊指数最高,45000 IU/kg组最低。2)饲粮维生素A水平对21和42日龄肉鸡血清中白细胞介素-1(IL-1)、42日龄白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)含量有显著影响(P<0.05),且随维生素A水平的提高均呈显著的二次曲线降低的剂量依赖关系(P<0.05),各组均以15000 IU/kg组含量较高,45000 IU/kg组含量较低;饲粮维生素A水平对42日龄肉鸡血清中白细胞介素-2(IL-2)含量有趋于显著的影响(P=0.075),且随饲粮维生素A水平的提高呈显著的一次线性升高的剂量依赖关系(P<0.05)。3)随饲粮维生素A水平的增加,肝脏NO含量呈显著的二次曲线下降(P<0.05),以6000 IU/kg组的含量最高;肝脏iNOS、总一氧化氮合酶(tNOS)活性以及iNOS基因相对表达量均呈显著的一次降低趋势(P<0.05),30000和45000 IU/kg组酶活性及基因相对量表达量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。十二指肠组织中NO含量、iNOS、tNOS活性以及iNOS基因相对表达量变化规律与之相似。综上所述,饲粮添加6000~15000 IU/kg的维生素A促进了肉鸡的免疫功能。肉鸡肝脏和十二指肠组织中NO含量和iNOS、tNOS活性及iNOS基因相对表达量与饲粮维生素A添加水平呈剂量依赖关系,低剂量提高NO含量,上调iNOS基因相对表达量,而高剂量则出现抑制作用。In this study,the effects of dietary vitamin A supplementation on immune function of broilers were studied,and the content of nitric oxide(NO)in the liver and duodenum and the relative expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)mRNA were also tested.A total of 240 one-day-old Arbor Acres(AA)broiler chickens(half male and half female)were randomly allotted into five groups with six replicates of eight broilers in each replicate.The trial lasted for 42 days.Five different levels of vitamin A were added to basic diets in each group,with levels of 3000,6000,15000,30000 and 45000 IU/kg vitamin A,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)the dietary vitamin A had a significant effect on the bursa of Fabricius index of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age(P=0.078,P=0.060).The bursa of Fabricius index of the 6000 and 15000 IU/kg groups was the highest,and the 45000 IU/kg group was the lowest.2)Vitamin A levels had a significant effect on the serum contents of interleukin-1(IL-1)of broiler at 21 and 42 days of age and interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)of broiler at 42 days of age(P<0.05),and with the increase of vitamin A level,there was a significant quadratic curve decreasing dose-dependent relationship(P<0.05),and the content was higher in the 15000 IU/kg group and lower in the 45000 IU/kg group;At 42 days of age,the level of dietary vitamin A tended to have a significant effect on the serum interleukin-2 content of broilers(P=0.075),and there was a significant linear increase with the increase of dietary vitamin A level(P<0.05).3)With the increase of dietary vitamin A level,the liver nitric oxide content showed a significant quadratic curve decrease(P<0.05),and 6000 IU/kg group was the highest;iNOS,total nitric oxide synthase(tNOS)activity and iNOS mRNA relative expression level showed a significant linear decrease(P<0.05).The enzyme activity and gene expression of the 30000 and 45000 IU/kg groups were significantly lower than those of the other groups(P<0.05).The changes of NO conte

关 键 词：维生素A 肉鸡 免疫功能 NO INOS基因 

分 类 号：S831[农业科学—畜牧学]