诱导冬眠期间野生达乌尔黄鼠肠道菌群结构和功能适应变化  

Adaptive Changes in Structure and Function of Gut Microbiota in Wild Ground Squirrel(Spermophilus dauricus)during Induced Hibernation

作　　者：杨潇瀛 刘旭豪 高福利[1] 张浩林[1] 韩莹莹[1] 翁强[1] 袁峥嵘[1] YANG Xiaoying;LIU Xuhao;GAO Fuli;ZHANG Haolin;HAN Yingying;WENG Qiang;YUAN Zhengrong(College of Biological Sciences and Technology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2022年第1期671-680,共10页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2018ZY21);大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(202010022079,202010022072)。

摘　　要：本试验对野生达乌尔黄鼠诱导冬眠期间肠道菌群的结构和功能变化进行了研究,旨在探究诱导冬眠期间野生达乌尔黄鼠肠道菌群如何发挥其功能以帮助机体维持正常的生理功能,为今后进一步研究其作用机制提供依据。适应性喂养14 d后,将8只野生达乌尔黄鼠随机分为2组,对照组饲养于室温,诱导冬眠组饲养于4℃无光照环境,2组均饲喂标准鼠饲粮,自由饮水。诱导冬眠组诱导10 d后,取盲肠内容物进行16S rRNA测序并进行生物信息学分析。结果显示:诱导冬眠组Shannon指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05),表明诱导冬眠组野生达乌尔黄鼠肠道菌群丰富度和均匀度升高;β多样性分析表明对照组与诱导冬眠组间肠道菌群存在一定差异;肠道菌群结构分析显示野生达乌尔黄鼠肠道菌群中占据统治地位的四大菌门依次为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、疣微菌门(Verrucomicrobia)和变形菌门(Proteobacteria);菌群结构差异分析表明,在门水平上诱导冬眠组拟杆菌门的相对丰度升高,厚壁菌门和疣微菌门的相对丰度降低,在属水平上诱导冬眠组考拉杆菌属(Phascolarctobacterium)、梭状芽胞杆菌ⅩⅣa属(Clostridium_ⅩⅣa)、巴尼斯菌属(Barnesiella)、埃格特菌属(Eggerthella)、Lactonifactor、罗宾氏菌属(Robinsoniella)的相对丰度均增加;菌群功能预测结果显示碳水化合物代谢通路、磷酸戊糖途径、细菌趋化性等11个功能通路在诱导冬眠组显著富集(P<0.05),在对照组显著富集的主要包括脂类生物合成蛋白质通路、异戊烯基转移酶通路等5个功能通路(P<0.05)。由此可见,在诱导冬眠期间,野生达乌尔黄鼠肠道菌群向有利于降解多糖、碳水化合物等方向发生改变,更好地为机体提供能量,保证其正常生命活动。This experiment was conducted to study the changes in structure and function of gut microbiota in wild ground squirrel during induced hibernation.The purpose was to explore how the gut microbiota played its role in maintaining the normal physiological function of the body during the induced hibernation,so as to provide basis for further study of its mechanism in the future.After 14 days of adaptive feeding,eight wild ground squirrels were randomly divided into two groups.The squirrels in control group were housed at room temperature and those in the induced hibernation group were housed at 4℃with dark environment to induce hibernation.Both two groups were fed standard rat chow and free access to water.After 10 days of induction in induced hibernation group,cecal contents of squirrels were taken for 16S rRNA sequencing and the data were performed bioinformatics analysis.The results showed as follows:the Shannon index of the induced hibernation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),it indicated that the richness and evenness of gut microbiota of the induced hibernation group were increased.βdiversity analysis revealed that there were differences in the gut microbiota between the control group and induced hibernation group.Gut microbiota structure analysis revealed that the four dominant phyla in the gut microbiota of wild ground squirrel were Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria.The analysis of the differences of the microbiota structure showed that at the phylum level,the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes of the induced hibernation group was increased and the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were decreased.At the genus level,the relative abundances of Phascolarctobacterium,Clostridium_ⅩⅣa,Barnesiella,Eggerthella,Lactonifactor,and Robinsoniella of the induced hibernation group were increased.The microbiota functional prediction results showed that 11 functional pathways including carbohydrate metabolism,pentose phosphate pathway,an

关 键 词：诱导冬眠 肠道菌群 16S rRNA测序 野生达乌尔黄鼠 功能预测 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]