丛枝菌根真菌提高植物非生物胁迫耐受性研究进展  

Advances in Research on Plant Tolerance to Abiotic Stress by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

作　　者：李晓芸 伊力塔[1] 李彦 刘美华[1,2] LI Xiao-yun;YI Li-ta;LI Yan;LIU Mei-hua(College of Forestry and Biotechnology,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Institute of Science and Technology,Zhejiang University of Technology,Ninghai 315600,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]宁海县浙工大科学技术研究院,浙江宁海315600

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2022年第1期101-110,共10页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目项目(31971623);宁波市自然科学基金项目(2019A610412)。

摘　　要：丛枝菌根真菌(Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF或AM真菌)是一种在土壤中广泛存在的有益真菌,能与地球上80%左右陆生植物根系共生形成丛枝菌根结构。AM真菌能通过与宿主植物交换碳源,促进宿主植物对N和P等无机营养元素的吸收,提高植株生产力和抵抗非生物胁迫的能力。全球气候变化和化肥农药的使用加剧了非生物胁迫对植物生产力的影响,引起生态系统退化。利用AM真菌协助植物应对多种逆境胁迫,对提高植物生产力具有重要意义。文章综述了AM真菌与宿主植物的共生机制,以及AM真菌帮助宿主植物应对盐、重金属、干旱、极端温度等非生物胁迫方面的研究进展,系统探讨了AM真菌提高植物逆境胁迫耐受性的机理,为提高植物适应逆境胁迫能力提供一定的理论依据。Research achievements were reviewed on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)symbiotic mechanism,and research progress was described on AMF in increasing tolerance to salt,heavy metals,drought and high temperature stress on host plants by enhancing photosynthesis,uptake nutrient elements and water use efficiency.Suggestions were put forwarded on further study on large scale purification and culture technique,selection and identification of different AMF,their operation mechanism and relations as well as on mycobiont of soil-AMF-plant and its mechanism.

关 键 词：丛枝菌根真菌 菌根共生 非生物胁迫 耐受性 植物生长 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]