英语多重递归关系从句的分布和限制  

Multiply-recursive relative clauses in English:Distributions and constraints

作　　者：丁彧藻 陈保亚[2] DING Yuzao;CHEN Baoya(Overseas Educational School,Fujian Business University,Fuzhou 350016,China;Center for Chinese Linguistics/Dept.of Chinese Language and Literature,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]福建商学院海外教育学院,福建省福州市350016 [2]北京大学中国语言学研究中心/中文系,北京市100871

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2022年第1期3-15,158,共14页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：福建省社科规划项目“汉语母语者和非母语者中文双字词识别机制的脑电研究”(FJ2019B161)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：当代学术英语中多重递归关系从句的发生率、分布规律、嵌套层级、嵌套方式和论元提取模式等问题至今尚不明确。本文通过对语法化理论的经典著作《语法化》(Hopper&Traugott 2001)一书的统计分析发现,英语关系从句多重递归的发生率低,连续递归的最大层级是两层,其上层关系从句均是末尾嵌套,底层关系从句绝大多数也是末尾嵌套,只有少数是中心嵌套,未见多重中心嵌套的类型。这与英语母语者避免使用中心嵌套递归有关,也与英语句子的基本语序、关系从句类型以及信息分布的尾重原则有关。这也导致英语多重关系从句结构中上层关系小句的直接宾语论元提取受限。这些证据显示,学术英语中关系从句多重递归的构建受到了多种因素的制约,从而限制了其递归生成能力。Questions regarding the incidence,distributional regularities,embedding levels,embedding modes,and argument extraction patterns of multiply-recursive relative clauses(RCs)remain unclear to date in contemporary academic English.According to the statistical analyses of Grammaticalization,a classic work on grammaticalization theory by Hopper&Traugott(2001),the incidence of multiply-recursive RCs in English is low.The maximal layer of consecutive recursions of RCs is two.All of the RCs in the upper layer and the majority of RCs in the lower layer are finally-embedded,with only a few being centre-embedded.There are no multiply centre-embedded types of RCs in the book,which is closely related to the avoidance of central recursion by native English speakers,the basic word order of English clauses,relative clause types,and the end-weight principle in information distribution.These factors lead to constraints on direct object argument extraction in the upper layer of multiply-recursive relative clause structures in English.The evidence shows that the formation of multiple recursions of RCs in academic English is constrained by many factors,which limit the generative ability of RCs in recursion.

关 键 词：多重递归 分布 限制 唯递归假说 英语关系从句 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]