英汉时间状语结构的句法分析:基于介词短语制图理论的研究  

The syntactic analysis of English and Chinese temporal adverbial constructions:A study based on the cartography of prepositional phrases

作　　者：张庆文[1] 刘惟[2] ZHANG Qingwen;LIU Wei(Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,China;College of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学外国语言学及应用语言学研究中心,广东省广州市510420 [2]厦门大学外文学院,福建省厦门市361005

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2022年第1期16-28,158,共14页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：石定栩主持的国家社科基金重大项目“生成语法的汉语研究与新时代汉语语法理论创新”(18ZDA291)资助。

摘　　要：本文借鉴方位介词短语制图理论,观察英、汉语时间状语结构的不同语法表现,分析了汉语时间状语的内部结构,从句法角度解释了"在……的时候"和"当……的时候"这两类时间状语结构在高低位解读及主句现象方面的差异。研究发现,英语时间状语从句对应汉语的"在……的时候"和"当……的时候"两类结构,英、汉语时间状语结构以及汉语两类结构之间在高低位解读和主句现象限制方面都存在差异。通过对汉语"在……的时候"和"当……的时候"两类结构的分析,本文认为两者在高低位解读、主句现象限制等方面表现出的差异均源自介词"在"和"当"在介词短语制图层级上的不同。Based on the distinctive grammatical representations of temporal constructions in English and Chinese,this paper explores the internal structures of two temporal phrases in Chinese.Enlightened by the cartographic analysis of spatial prepositional phrases,this paper accounts for the distinctive behaviours between zai…de shihou‘at the time that…’and dang…de shihou‘when…’in licensing high/low construals and main clause phenomena.It is observed that the two structures in Chinese are counterparts of English temporal adverbial clauses.Distinctions are found between English and Chinese temporal clauses,as well as the two types of temporal structures in Chinese,in terms of high/low construals and main clause phenomena.The syntactic analysis of the two temporal structures in Chinese shows that the distinctions between them result from the different cartographic layers of the prepositions zai(在)and dang(当).

关 键 词：时间状语从句 关系从句 介词短语 制图理论 

分 类 号：H043[语言文字—语言学]