混凝土复合自保温砌块热工性能研究与优化设计  

Thermal Performance Research and Optimal Design of Concrete Self-insulation Compound Block

作　　者：隋学敏 龚书宽 徐彪 黄华[1] SUI Xue-min;GONG Shu-kuan;XU Biao;HUANG Hua(School of Civil Engineering,Chang an University,Xi an 710061,Shaanxi,China;CITIC General Institute of Architectural Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430014,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑工程学院,陕西西安710061 [2]中信建筑设计研究总院有限公司,湖北武汉430014

出　　处：《建筑科学与工程学报》2022年第1期87-96,共10页Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51708060);西安市建设科技计划项目(SZJJ2019-02)。

摘　　要：针对寒冷地区住宅建筑墙体保温的需求,设计了7种混凝土复合自保温砌块方案,采用有限元分析软件ANSYS对砌块传热过程进行数值分析,对比相同孔洞率条件下不同孔型分布方案对自保温砌块热阻的影响;根据影响规律对砌块热工性能进行优化研究,提出了交错排列三排孔、采用填充保温材料的孔洞隔断砌块边壁热流、孔洞外厚内窄的砌块优化设计方案。结果表明:孔洞排数的增加使得砌块导热热阻增大,孔洞列数的增加使得砌块导热热阻降低;交错排列的孔洞可以较好地提高砌块的导热热阻;外侧孔洞与内侧孔洞的厚度比例宜选择1.6~2.0;优化后自保温砌块的导热热阻达到2.37 m^(2)·K·W^(-1),当量导热系数为0.118 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1),抗压强度为8.7 MPa,满足自保温砌块用于外墙自承重墙体的设计要求;采用该砌块砌筑的自保温墙体的传热系数为0.428 W·m^(-2)·K^(-1),满足寒冷地区住宅建筑节能75%的设计标准,比采用相同材料和墙体厚度的外保温墙体的传热系数降低23%。In response to the thermal insulation requirements of wall in residential buildings in cold zones, seven schemes of concrete self-insulation compound block were designed. The finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to simulate the heat transmission of block, and the effects of the distribution of holes on the thermal resistance of self-insulation blocks under the same porosity rate were compared. According to the influence characteristics, the thermal performance of the block was optimized, and an optimized design scheme for blocks with three rows of staggered columns holes which filled with thermal insulation materials to block the heat flow on the side walls of the block, and thick outside holes and narrow inside holes was proposed. The results show that the increase of the row number of holes makes the thermal resistance of the block increase, and the increase of the column number of holes makes the thermal resistance of the block decrease. The staggered column distribution of holes can better improve the thermal resistance of the block and the thickness ratio of the outer hole and the inner hole should be 1.6-2.0. The proposed thermal conduction resistance of the optimal self-insulation block reaches 2.37 m^(2)·K·W^(-1), the equivalent thermal conductivity is 0.118 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1), and the compressive strength is 8.7 MPa. The compressive strength meets the design requirements of self-insulation blocks for external self-supporting walls. The heat transmission coefficient of the self-insulating wall built with this optimal block is 0.428 W·m^(-2)·K^(-1), which meets the design standard of 75% energy saving for residential buildings in cold zones of China, and the heat transmission coefficient is reduced by 23% compared to the external thermal insulation walls with the same materials and wall thickness.

关 键 词：自保温砌块 热工性能 数值模拟 孔型优化 传热系数 

分 类 号：TU522.3[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]