出 处:《海南医学》2022年第3期314-320,共7页Hainan Medical Journal
摘 要:目的分析我院就诊患者常见过敏原特异性IgE抗体(sIgE)分布情况,为过敏性疾病诊疗提供参考。方法收集2019年在北京丰台医院进行过敏原检测患者6508例,采用免疫印迹法对患者血清样本进行29种过敏原特异性IgE抗体(sIgE)检测。结果6508例患者中有2235例患者至少有1项过敏原检测阳性,阳性率为34.34%。检出过敏原前5位分别为念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉(826例,12.69%)、烟曲霉(469例,7.21%)、蒿(445例,6.84%)、户尘螨(394例,6.05%)和葎草(314例,4.82%)。不同年龄组过敏原种类不同,3岁以下患者主要过敏原是鸡蛋白、念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉、牛奶和烟曲霉;3~5岁患者主要过敏原是念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉、鸡蛋白和蒿;6~11岁、12~18岁患者主要过敏原均是念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉、葎草和蒿;19~30岁患者主要过敏原是蒿、户尘螨和粉尘螨;31~40岁和41~50岁者主要过敏原均是蒿、户尘螨和葎草;51岁以上患者主要过敏原是念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉、烟曲霉和户尘螨。不同月份过敏原阳性率不同,8~10月份的蒿、葎草、悬铃木阳性率显著升高,念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉、烟曲霉阳性率在6月份达一年中高峰。结论丰台地区常见过敏原为念珠菌/点青霉/分枝孢霉/交链孢霉/黑曲霉、烟曲霉、蒿、户尘螨和葎草。不同年龄组、不同月份,过敏原种类分布不同,血清过敏原特异性IgE抗体检测,有助于明确过敏原种类,为临床过敏性疾病的诊断和治疗提供实验依据。Objective To analyze the distribution of specific IgE antibodies(sIgE)in common allergens in Beijing Fengtai Hospital and provide valuable reference for the diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases.Methods A total of 6508 patients were collected from Beijing Fengtai Hospital in 2019,and the serum samples were detected by immunoblotting for 29 allergen-specific IgE antibodies(sIgE)in patients.Results Of the 6508 patients,there were at least 1 allergen test positive in 2235 patients,with the positive rate of 34.34%.The top 5 most commonly detected allergens were Candida/Penicillium/Mycobacterium/Streptomyces/Aspergillus niger(826 cases,12.69%),Aspergillus fumigatus(469 cases,7.21%),Artemisia(445 cases,6.84%),household dust mites(394 cases,6.05%),and Humulus(314 cases,4.82%).The positive rate of allergens varies among different age groups;the main allergens in patients under 3 years of age were egg protein,Candida/Penicillium/Brancosporium/Cosporium alternatus/Aspergillus niger,milk and Aspergillus fumigatus;the main allergens of 3 to 5 years old patients were Candida/Pypenicillium/Mexosporium/Cyclovir/Aspergillus niger,chicken protein and Artemisia;the main allergens in patients of 6 to 11,12 to 18 years old were Candida/Penicillium/Mycobacterium/Alternaria/Aspergillus niger,Humulus and Artemisia;the main allergens in 19 to 30 years old patients were Artemisia,house dust mites and dust mites;the main allergens in 31 to 40 and 41 to 50 years old were Artemisia,house dust mites and cormorant;the main allergens in patients over 51 years of age were Candida/Pypenicillium/Mexosporium alternatus/Cyptosporium alternatus/Aspergillus niger,Aspergillus fumigatus and mite.The positive rates of allergens were different in different months;in August to October,the positive rates of Artemisia,Acanthopanax senticosus and Auricularia suspensa increased significantly,while the positive rates of Candida/Penicillium/Mycobacterium/Streptomyces alternatus/Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus reached a high peak in June.Concl
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