The Corylus mandshurica genome provides insights into the evolution of Betulaceae genomes and hazelnut breeding  

作　　者：Ying Li Pengchuan Sun Zhiqiang Lu Jinyuan Chen Zhenyue Wang Xin Du Zeyu Zheng Ying Wu Hongyin Hu Jiao Yang Jianxiang Ma Jianquan Liu Yongzhi Yang 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystem,Institute of Innovation Ecology&School of Life Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou,China [2]Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education&State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics&Mountain River Engineering,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu,China [3]CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology,Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,666303 Mengla,Yunnan,China [4]Center of Plant Ecology,Core Botanical Gardens,Chinese Academy of Sciences,666303 Mengla,Yunnan,China

出　　处：《Horticulture Research》2021年第1期577-589,共13页园艺研究（英文）

基　　金：the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31010300);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0505203);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31590821 and 31900201)。

摘　　要：Hazelnut is popular for its flavor,and it has also been suggested that hazelnut is beneficial to cardiovascular health because it is rich in oleic acid.Here,we report the first high-quality chromosome-scale genome for the hazelnut species Corylus mandshurica(2n=22),which has a high concentration of oleic acid in its nuts.The assembled genome is 367.67Mb in length,and the contig N50 is 14.85 Mb.All contigs were assembled into 11 chromosomes,and 28,409 protein-coding genes were annotated.We reconstructed the evolutionary trajectories of the genomes of Betulaceae species and revealed that the 11 chromosomes of the hazelnut genus were derived from the most ancestral karyotype in Betula pendula,which has 14 protochromosomes,by inferring homology among five Betulaceae genomes.We identified 96 candidate genes involved in oleic acid biosynthesis,and 10 showed rapid evolution or positive selection.These findings will help us to understand the mechanisms of lipid synthesis and storage in hazelnuts.Several gene families related to salicylic acid metabolism and stress responses experienced rapid expansion in this hazelnut species,which may have increased its stress tolerance.The reference genome presented here constitutes a valuable resource for molecular breeding and genetic improvement of the important agronomic properties of hazelnut.

关 键 词：BREEDING mandshurica EVOLUTION 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]