The Physalis floridana genome provides insights into the biochemical and morphological evolution of Physalis fruits  

作　　者：Jiangjie Lu Meifang Luo Li Wang Kunpeng Li Yongyi Yu Weifei Yang Pichang Gong Huihui Gao Qiaoru Li Jing Zhao Lanfeng Wu Mingshu Zhang Xueyang Liu Xuemei Zhang Xian Zhang Jieyu Kang Tongyuan Yu Zhimin Li Yuannian Jiao Huizhong Wang Chaoying He 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanxincun 20,100093 Xiangshan,Beijing,China [2]Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants,College of Life and Environmental Science,Hangzhou Normal University,310036 Hangzhou,China [3]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yuquan Road 19,100049 Beijing,China [4]Annoroad Gene Technology(Beijing)Co,Ltd,100176 Beijing,China [5]The Innovative Academy of Seed Design,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,China

出　　处：《Horticulture Research》2021年第1期3349-3367,共19页园艺研究（英文）

基　　金：This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31525003,31930007)to C.Y.H.;grants(31970346)to H.Z.W.;the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB27010106)to C.Y.H.;grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470407)to H.Z.W.

摘　　要：The fruits of Physalis(Solanaceae)have a unique structure,a lantern-like fruiting calyx known as inflated calyx syndrome(ICS)or the Chinese lantern,and are rich in steroid-related compounds.However,the genetic variations underlying the origin of these characteristic traits and diversity in Physalis remain largely unknown.Here,we present a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome assembly of Physalis floridana(~1.40Gb in size)with a contig N50 of~4.87Mb.Through evolutionary genomics and experimental approaches,we found that the loss of the SEP-like MADS-box gene MBP21 subclade is likely a key mutation that,together with the previously revealed mutation affecting floral MPF2 expression,might have contributed to the origination of ICS in Physaleae,suggesting that the origination of a morphological novelty may have resulted from an evolutionary scenario in which one mutation compensated for another deleterious mutation.Moreover,the significant expansion of squalene epoxidase genes is potentially associated with the natural variation of steroid-related compounds in Physalis fruits.The results reveal the importance of gene gains(duplication)and/or subsequent losses as genetic bases of the evolution of distinct fruit traits,and the data serve as a valuable resource for the evolutionary genetics and breeding of solanaceous crops.

关 键 词：BREEDING evolution BASES 

分 类 号：Q94[生物学—植物学]