金鱼望天眼性状受环境和遗传影响的初步研究  

Effects of genetic and environmental factors on the celestial eye in Carassius auratus

作　　者：李荣妮 孙砚胜[1,2,3] 田仲 王赛赛 张欣 LI Rong-ni;SUN Yan-sheng;TIAN Zhong;WANG Sai-sai;ZHANG Xin(Beijing Fisheries Research Institute,National Engineering Center for Freshwater,Beijing 100068,China;Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture(North),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China;Key Laboratory of Fisheries Biotechnology,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水产科学研究所暨国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心,北京100068 [2]农业农村部都市农业(北方)重点实验室,北京100097 [3]渔业生物技术北京市重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2022年第1期66-73,共8页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：北京市水产科学研究所自立项目(北京特色鱼类繁育及健康养殖关键技术研究与应用;北京淡水鱼种质资源保存项目);国家淡水水产种质资源库(FGRC:18537);Supported by China Agriculture Research System(CARS-46)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探索研究不同的水深和容器的透光性是否影响望天眼金鱼最终成功翻眼率,并通过杂交试验,探讨金鱼望天眼性状是否稳定遗传。试验首先选取红望天眼金鱼两雌一雄和一雄偏龙睛五花金鱼,进行人工混合繁殖,随机选取后代分四组,分别在透明玻璃缸水深15 cm(A)、透明玻璃缸水深30 cm(B)、不透光塑缸水深15 cm(C)和不透光塑缸水深30 cm(D)环境中养殖290 d,统计最终金鱼成功翻眼率,进行双因素方差分析,同时进行望天眼金鱼与翻眼不成功的介于望天和龙睛中间体的金鱼进行正反交和各自自交,统计后代最终的眼睛性状。结果显示:水深对望天眼金鱼成功翻眼率影响极显著,容器透光性对其影响不显著;亲本翻眼程度越大,其后代望天比例越高,表明望天眼性状受遗传影响较大,并且一定程度上受母体遗传效应影响。This environmental experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different water depths and different transparency of fish tanks on the celestial eye of goldfish,and the crossbreeding experiment was to investigate whether the celestial eye was affected by heredity.First,two females of red celestial goldfish were mated with a male one and a male of calico goldfish similar to telescope goldfish,and their offspring were randomly divided into four groups with four replicates per group.A group with 15 cm water depth in transparent glass aquarium.B with 30 cm water depth in fine glass aquarium.C with 15 cm water depth in the opaque aquarium.D with 30 cm water depth in the opaque aquarium.After 290 days,the celestial eye rates(CER)of per group were computed.Then,red celestial goldfish,calico goldfish similar to telescope goldfish,and Calico goldfish similar to telescope goldfish were crossed,and CER of their offspring in 290 days were computed.The results showed that the water depth had very significant effects on CER,but the transparency of the fish tank had no significant impact.With the parents’eye rotation more sharply,the CER of their offspring wre higher,so the celestial eye of goldfish was greatly influenced by heredity,and maternal genetic effects also influenced CER to some extent.This experiment provided the theoretical background and experimental data for improving CER of goldfish and developing new celestial varieties in aquaculture.The conclusions of the study could give some good references and guidance for aquatic production.

关 键 词：望天眼金鱼 望天率 水深 透光性 遗传 母体效应 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]