三峡库区典型支流回水区浮游植物群落结构特征及影响因子分析  

Characteristics and impact factors of phytoplankton communities in the backwater areas of the Three Gorges Reservoir typical tributaries

作　　者：魏念 余丽梅 茹辉军[1] 吴凡[1] 倪朝辉[1] WEI Nian;YU Li-mei;RU Hui-jun;WU Fan;NI Zhao-hui(Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Wuhan 430223,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2022年第1期103-112,共10页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：农业财政专项“长江渔业资源与环境调查”(CJDC-2017-10)。

摘　　要：为了解三峡库区典型支流回水区浮游植物群落结构特征及环境因子的影响,于2018年5月(低水位期)和10月(高水位期)对御临河、澎溪河、大宁河和香溪河回水区的浮游植物群落结构和水环境进行了调查。共采集到浮游植物7门99种,以硅藻门、绿藻门和蓝藻门为主,各支流回水区浮游植物种类数排序为澎溪河>大宁河>御临河>香溪河。5月各支流回水区浮游植物群落以蓝藻及绿藻为优势类群,水华蓝藻、微囊藻为这些水域的共同优势种;10月以硅藻和绿藻为优势类群,硅藻门小环藻为这些水域的共同优势种。5月各支流回水区浮游植物丰度显著高于10月,均以澎溪河回水区丰度最高,御临河回水区丰度最低。不同支流回水区浮游植物Shannon-Winner多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数无显著差异。相似性分析结果表明,5月和10月支流回水区浮游植物群落结构存在显著差异,5月各支流间差异不显著,10月各支流间差异显著。Spearman秩相关分析和冗余分析结果表明,水温对三峡库区支流回水区浮游植物丰度和群落结构具有显著影响;5月,pH和高锰酸盐指数对浮游植物群落结构具有显著正向影响;10月,综合营养状态指数和磷酸盐对浮游植物群落结构具有显著影响。Phytoplankton communities and water environmental factors in the backwater areas of Yulin River,Pengxi River,Daning River and Xiangxi River were investigated in May(the period of low water level)and October(the period of high-water level)2018 to understand the characteristics of phytoplankton communities and the correlations with environmental factors in the backwater areas of typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir.A total of 99 species of phytoplankton,belonging to 7 phyla and dominated by Bacillariophyta,Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta,were collected.Phytoplankton species number in the backwater areas of the four tributaries were in order of Pengxi River>Daning River>Yulin River>Xiangxi River.Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta dominated in May in the backwater areas of the four tributaries,with bloom-forming cyanobacteria Microcystis sp.being the co-dominant species.Bacillariophyta and Chlorophyta dominated in October,with diatom Cyclotella sp.being the co-dominant species.Phytoplankton abundance in the backwater areas of the four tributaries in May as significantly higher than in October,with both the highest in Pengxi River and the lowest in Yulin River.The Shannon-Winner diversity index and Pielou evenness index revealed no significant difference in the four tributaries.The results from similarity analysis indicated a significant difference between the phytoplankton community structures in the backwater areas of the four tributaries in May and in October,and the differences were significant between the four tributaries in October while not in May.Spearman correlation analysis and redundancy analysis results revealed that water temperature was one of the key factors regulating the community structure of phytoplankton in the backwater areas of typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir,pH and COD_(Mn) were the key factors regulating the community structure of phytoplankton in the backwater areas of typical tributaries of the Three Gorges Reservoir in May,with trophic level index and PO_(4)^(3-)-P being th

关 键 词：三峡库区 支流 回水区 浮游植物 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]