基于创新方法的产品创新及机构组合理论体系研究  

Research on theoretical system of product innovation and mechanism combination based on innovation method

作　　者：李春明[1,2] 刘庆 崔运静 刘晓[2] 孙凤 曹惠 Li Chunming;Liu Qing;Cui Yunjing;Liu Xiao;Sun Feng;Cao Hui(Faculty of Mechatronics Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Shandong Qingdao,266580,China;Faculty of Mechanical and Control Engineering,Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology,Shandong Dongying,257061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]山东石油化工学院机械与控制工程学院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《机械设计与制造工程》2021年第12期5-8,共4页Machine Design and Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：山东省本科教育改革研究重点项目(Z2020057);东营市科学发展基金项目(DJ2020011)。

摘　　要：进一步完善了创新方法与机械创新的理论体系。分析了阻碍创新的大意、轻信、贪婪和浮躁四大陷阱。提出了心理活动、通用方法、某一领域内和具体研究对象的四层创新方法结构体系;总结出了7类通用创新方法——移花接木、博采众家、捕捉灵感、转移阵地、移山填海、惩前毖后和丰富理论。补充了攻心法、简化法和放手法。提出了机械、机构、构体、一约束副、二约束副、自由数等符合语义的概念定义。以简单机构演化和组合出其他机构的观点为基础,对4类机构组合方法的概念进行了诠释和图示。根据动力传递路线判断同一个组合机构是串连式还是并连式。以舟机构和楫机构分别命名了装载式组合机构的俩基本机构。提出了根据基本机构数和固结构体数计算复杂机构自由数的方法。The theoretical system of innovation methods and mechanical innovation is improved.The carelessness,credulity,greed and impetuosity,which hinder innovation,are analyzed.The four layers of innovative method structure system,including psychological activities,general methods,a certain field and specific research object,are proposed.Seven kinds of general innovation methods are summed up including transplanting flowers and trees,gathering many fields,catching inspiration,shifting positions,removing mountains to seas,learning from past mistakes to avoid future ones and enriching theory.The methods of attacking the heart,simplifying and releasing are supplemented,the conceptions of mechanics,mechanism,constructing body,monoconstraint pair,biconstraints pair and freedom number,which are semantic,are put forward.Based on the viewpoint that the simple mechanism evolves into and combines out other mechanisms,the concept of four types of mechanism combination method is explained and illustrated.According to the power transmission route,the same combined mechanism can be judged as the series or the parallel.The two basic mechanisms of loading combined mechanism are named as boat mechanism and paddle mechanism respectively.A calculation method of the free number of complex mechanism based on basic mechanism number and consolidated body number is proposed.

关 键 词：创新方法 产品创新方法 机构组合方法 舟楫机构 自由数 

分 类 号：G305[文化科学] TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]