农地转出对农户生计策略影响的区域差异研究——基于生计资本的中介效应分析  

Study on the Regional Differences of the Impact of Farmland Transferring on Farmer’s Livelihood Strategies——Analysis of the Mediation Effect Based on Livelihood Capital

作　　者：李卓 陈银蓉 朱庆莹 梅昀 LI Zhuo;CHEN Yinrong;ZHU Qingying;MEI Yun(College of Public Administration,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430071)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学公共管理学院,武汉430071

出　　处：《林业经济》2021年第10期21-36,共16页Forestry Economics

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“生计资本视角下农地流转行为决策机理、绩效评估与改进研究”(编号:20YJAZH015)。

摘　　要：农地流转作为土地改革中的关键环节,对农户生计策略有重要影响。文章构建农户可持续生计分析框架,以湖北省8个县(区)503份调研样本为数据源,在测算农户生计资本的基础上,采用中介效应模型研究农地转出、农户生计资本与农户生计策略之间的影响机理与效应,为完善农地流转政策、提高农户生计水平提供理论依据。研究发现:(1)农户生计资本存在空间异质,地形平坦区生计资本高,农地转出会降低自然资本,但物质资本、人力资本、社会资本、金融资本均有一定程度的提升。(2)农地转出后农户生计资本改变,进而对生计策略转变产生显著影响,生计资本在农地转出对生计策略影响过程中起到中介作用。农地转出对农户兼业型生计策略有正向显著影响,在平原区与山区影响系数分别为0.901、0.788;农地转出对农户非农型生计策略有正向显著影响,在平原区与山区影响系数分别为0.767、0.861。(3)江汉平原地区农户粮食补贴、社会保障水平高,耕种条件好,在传统观念影响下,农户更倾向于选择兼业型生计策略。鄂西生态圈地区农户受到教育、地形等因素限制,更倾向于选择非农型生计策略。文章研究认为,应通过完善农地流转市场、加大农村教育投入、加强农民职业教育培训,提高农户生计资本水平,促进农户生计策略多样化,进而实现可持续生计。As a key part of the land reform policy, the transfer of agricultural land has an important influence on farmers’ livelihood strategies. The article constructed a framework for the analysis of sustainable livelihoods of rural households, using 503 survey samples in 8 counties(districts)in Hubei Province as the data source. The influencing mechanism and effects of farmers’ livelihood strategies provide a theoretical basis for improving farmland transfer policies and improving farmers’ livelihoods. The study found that:(1)The livelihood capital of rural households is spatially heterogeneous. The livelihood capital of flat terrain is high. The transfer of agricultural land will reduce natural capital, but physical capital, human capital, social capital and financial capital will all increase to a certain extent.(2)The livelihood capital of farmers after the transfer of agricultural land has a significant impact on the transformation of livelihood strategies. The livelihood capital plays an intermediary role in the process of the impact of the transfer of agricultural land on the livelihood strategy. The transfer of agricultural land has a positive and significant impact on farmers’ part-time livelihood strategies, with coefficients of 0.901 and 0.788 in plain areas and mountainous areas respectively. The coefficients of influence with mountainous areas are 0.767 and 0.861 respectively.(3)Farmers in Jianghan Plain have high levels of food subsidies, social security and good farming conditions. Under the influence of traditional concepts, farmers are more inclined to choose part-time livelihood strategies. Farmers in the western Hubei ecological circle are restricted by factors such as education and topography, and are more inclined to choose non-agricultural livelihood strategies. The study believes that through improving the agricultural land transfer market, increasing investment in rural education, strengthening farmers’ vocational education and training, improving the level of farmers’ livelihood capi

关 键 词：农地转出 中介效应模型 生计资本 生计策略 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济] F323.8