南方离子型稀土矿山生产尾液低浓度稀土回收及氨氮脱除的工艺实践  

The Technology Practice of Recycle of Rare Earth and Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen from Tail Fluid of Production of Ion-adsorption Type Rare Earth Ore in Southern China

作　　者：欧家才 黄万抚[2] OU Jia-cai;HUANG Wan-fu(China Antimony Corporation,Subsidiary of China Minmetals Rare Earth Group Co.Ltd.,Nanning 530001,China;Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]五矿稀土集团广西华锑科技有限公司,广西南宁530007 [2]江西理工大学,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀土》2021年第6期42-48,共7页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51864017)。

摘　　要：介绍了某稀土开发公司采取"石灰乳沉淀回收稀土-曝气吹脱-折点氯化除氨氮"工艺处理南方离子型稀土矿山生产尾液,回收了其中的低浓度稀土,并对溶液中的氨氮进行脱除,使之能达标排放。生产实践表明,该工艺可以将稀土矿山低浓度浸出液中含量低于0.1 g/L的稀土进行回收,可获得含稀土(折REO)5%~10%的中钇低铕型混合稀土氢氧化物沉淀渣,稀土回收率在90%左右;稀土矿山低浓度浸出液经过本工艺进行氨氮脱除处理后,废水中氨氮含量可降低到15 mg/L以下,达到国家规定的废水排放标准(GB 26451-2011),氨氮总去除率可达85%以上。Taking a rare earth development company for an example,this paper describes the process of recovering low concentration rare earth with lime emulsion precipition method and removing ammonia nitrogen by"air stripping and breakpoint chlorination"method from tail water produced in ion-adsorption type rare earth mines.The results of practice indicate that with the process,rare earth from leaching solution in a concentration lower than 0.1 g/L can be recovered,and medium yttrium and low europium mixed rare earth hydroxide residue with REO content 5%to 10%and recovery rate 90%can be obtained.Furthermore,after treatment,ammonia nitrogen content in leaching solution can be reduced to less than 15 mg/L,reaching the national standard for waste water discharge(GB 26451-2011),and the total removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is higher than 85%.

关 键 词：离子型稀土 矿山尾液 稀土回收 氨氮脱除 

分 类 号：TD865[矿业工程—金属矿开采]