稀土改性介孔氧化铝应用进展  

Application Progress of Rare Earth Modified Mesoporous Alumina

作　　者：唐洋洋 李林波[2] 杨柳 王超[2] 毛维博[1] TANG Yang-yang;LI Lin-bo;YANG Liu;WANG Chao;MAO Wei-bo(Huaqing College,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710045,China;College of Metallurgical Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学华清学院,陕西西安710045 [2]西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《稀土》2021年第6期114-126,共13页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2011KTDZ01-04-01);陕西省2019专项科研计划项目(19JK0490);西安建筑科技大学华清学院2020年度专项科研计划项目(20KY02)。

摘　　要：介孔氧化铝(MA)具有可调的孔径、高的比表面积和大孔隙体积,生产成本低,在催化、药物控释、吸附等领域应用广泛。随着工业化生产要求的提高,MA高温煅烧后介孔结构坍塌、表面酸性等难以满足功能化需求,需改性处理提高MA材料的活性、表面热稳定性、结构稳定性和表面酸性。稀土改性介孔材料,可调节酸(碱)性,增加氧空位,同时合成分散均一、纳米尺度、稳定的金属纳米晶催化剂。综述了氧化铝载体制备工艺,拟薄水铝石脱水法和溶胶-凝胶法。详细介绍MA蒸发诱导自组装过程(EISA)和新兴工艺,包括无模板和固态合成MA工艺。对比分析改性MA的制备工艺浸渍法和原位合成法,同时详细介绍了稀土改性MA的方法和国内外稀土改性MA在催化、吸附、光学和热稳定性等领域的应用现状,并展望了其未来发展趋势。Mesoporous alumina(MA)is widely used in the fields of catalysis,controlled release of drugs and adsorption due to its adjustable pore size,high specific surface area and large pore volume,and low production cost.With the improvement of the requirements of industrial production,the collapse of mesoporous structure after high-temperature calcination and surface acidity of MA cannot meet the requirements of functionalization.Therefore,modification treatment is needed to improve the activity,surface thermal stability,structural stability and surface acidity of MA materials.Rare earth modified mesoporous material can adjust acid(alkali)property,increase oxygen vacancy,and synthesize homogeneous,nanometer scale and stable metal nanocrystalline catalyst.This paper reviews the alumina preparation with dehydration of pseudo boehmite and sol-gel method,introduces MA evaporation induced self-assembly process(EISA)and emerging technology in detail,including no template and MA solid state synthesis process.The preparation process of modified MA by impregnation method and in-situ synthesis method was compared and analyzed.At the same time,the methods of rare earth modified MA and the application status of rare earth modified MA in catalysis,adsorption,optical and thermal stability at home and abroad were introduced in detail,and its future development trend was prospected.

关 键 词：稀土改性 介孔氧化铝 制备方法 功能化进展 

分 类 号：TQ133.1[化学工程—无机化工]