集权意识下的民意认知:民初袁世凯对舆论的理解与应对  

Public Opinion Cognition Out of the Idea of Centralism:How did Yuan Shih-kai understand and respond to newspapers in the Early Years of the Republic China?

作　　者：高璐 GAO Lu(School of Journalism and Communication,Nanjing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学新闻与传播学院

出　　处：《国际新闻界》2021年第10期159-175,共17页Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“百年中国新闻史史料整理与研究”(项目编号:15ZDB140)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：不同于清末权臣袁世凯对新闻舆论从内容到理念的钳制,民元后,大总统袁世凯颇有顺应民意、尊重舆论的气度,在几次涉及舆论的新闻事件中,都表现出前所未有的开明和宽容。但二次革命后,袁世凯又制定出最严苛的《报纸条例》。袁世凯对舆论民意大起大落的背后,表面上是对社会状况和军政局面的适时应对,是由袁世凯在不同历史阶段的政治地位和政治诉求所决定;深层次则反应了其对舆论民意的错误理解和过度操控,这种错误最终导致袁世凯陷落于被伪造的民意,走向历史的反面。Yuan Shih-kai showed some obedience and respect for public opinion and newspapers when he just became the president of the Republic of China. However, after Second Revolution,Yuan Shih-kai formulated harsh laws to restrict press freedom. On the surface, Yuan Shih-kai’s dramatic change of news cognition was the reaction to the social, military and political situation,and was decided by his status and political appeals in different periods. At a deep level, how Yuan Shih-kai understanded and responded to newspapers reflected his misunderstanding and excessive manipulation of public opinions, which eventually led him to the wrong road and the opposite of history.

关 键 词：民国初年 新闻管理 袁世凯 癸丑报灾 

分 类 号：G219.29[文化科学—新闻学] C912.63[经济管理]