气垫载荷在带裂缝冰面运动的水弹性响应  

Hydroelastic response of air cushion load on ice sheet with crack

作　　者：曾令东 倪宝玉[1] 熊航 薛彦卓[1] Zeng Ling-dong;NI Bao-yu;XIONG Hang;XUE Yan-zhuo(College of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2021年第6期804-810,共7页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52192690、52192693、51979051和51979056)~。

摘　　要：气垫船在冰面上运动会激起冰面产生水弹性波。在特定条件下,此水弹性波使得冰层内部的应力达到最大值,甚至超过冰层的极限承载应力而发生破坏。为此,该文研究了冰面裂缝对于气垫载荷引起的冰面水弹性响应的影响。基于弹性薄板假设和势流理论,建立了气垫载荷在带裂缝冰面上运动的理论数学模型。在模型求解上,采用边界元法对流体域进行求解,冰面边界条件通过有限差分法和引入虚构点满足。随后,分析了气垫载荷在不同速度运动下的冰面水弹性响应,研究了气垫载荷以不同速度运动时引起的冰面变形和应力分布,针对裂缝与气垫载荷的相对位置对气垫载荷破冰能力的影响进行了数值模拟,分析了气垫载荷引起的冰面水弹性响应变化规律。通过与气垫载荷在无限大冰面上运动的结果进行对比,结果表明,裂缝离载荷中心大于4倍载荷宽度时,载荷附近的冰面响应受裂缝的影响较小;裂缝离载荷中心的距离为1倍载荷宽度时,裂缝处会发生应力放大现象,且裂缝处的最大应力会超过气垫载荷正下方冰板的最大应力。The movement of the hovercraft on the ice surface will cause the ice sheet to produce hydroelastic waves.Under certain conditions,this hydroelastic wave will cause the stresses in the ice sheet to reach its maximum,and even exceed the ultimate bearing stress of the ice sheet and cause damage.For this reason,in this paper the influence of cracks on the hydroelastic response of ice sheet caused by an air cushion load is studied.Based on the elastic thin plate hypothesis and potential flow theory,a theoretical mathematical model of air cushion load moving on an ice sheet with a crack is established.In the solution of the model,the boundary element method is used to solve the fluid domain.The boundary conditions of the ice sheet are satisfied by using the finite difference method and introduced fictitious point.Furthermore,the hydroelastic responses of ice sheet under different speeds of the air cushion load are analyzed.The ice sheet deflection and stress distribution caused by the air cushion load moving at different speeds are studied.The relative position of the crack and the air cushion load has an effect on the ice breaking capacity of the air cushion load.Numerical simulations are carried out,and the rule of the hydroelastic response of the ice sheet caused by the air cushion load is analyzed.Comparing with the result of air cushion load movin g on an infinite ice sheet,the present result shows that when the distance between the crack and the load center is greater than 4 times the lo ad width,the response of the ice sheet near the load is less affected by the crack,When the distance between the crack and the load center is 1 times the load width,stress amplification will occur at the crack,and the maximum stress at the crack will exceed the maximum stress of th e ice plate under the air cushion load.

关 键 词：气垫载荷 裂缝 水弹性波 边界元法 破冰能力 

分 类 号：U662.2[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]