挖掘机先导控制负载敏感液压系统节能特性研究  

Energy-saving Characteristics of Excavator Hydraulic System Based on Load-sensing Pilot Control

作　　者：曾亿山[1] 吕安庆 赵志学[3] 刘旺 刘常海 胡敏 ZENG Yi-shan;LV An-qing;ZHAO Zhi-xue;LIU Wang;LIU Chang-hai;HU Min(School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009;State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027;Drilling Research Institute of Daqing Drilling & Exploration Engineering Corporation, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163413)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学机械工程学院,安徽合肥230009 [2]浙江大学流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室,浙江杭州210027 [3]大庆钻探工程公司钻井研究院,黑龙江大庆163413

出　　处：《液压与气动》2022年第2期39-46,共8页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52005144,52075139,51905139);流体动力与机电系统国家重点实验室开发基金课题(GZKF-202015);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(JZ2020HGQA0195,JD2020JGPY0007)。

摘　　要：负载敏感控制系统因其主泵出口压力高于最高负载回路压力,导致节能率较低。针对这一问题,从阀前补偿负载敏感控制系统出发,结合阀后控制和先导控制思想,提出一种基于负载敏感的先导控制挖掘机液压系统。在保证与负载敏感控制系统同样优良的复合操纵性能前提下,利用先导控制压力来降低主泵出口压力,以提高系统节能率,并建立先导控制压力的数学模型和负载敏感先导控制液压系统的AMESim仿真模型,对其节能性进行探究。结果表明:在一定先导控制压力范围内,先导压力越高,节能率越高,当双联负载回路均处于高压低流量工况时,系统的节能率最好,可节能4.3%,但此时节能功率很低;在系统节能率为2.53%时,节能效果最好,节能功率为528 W。The main pump outlet pressure of the load-sensing control system is higher than the negative maximum load circuit pressure,resulting in a low energy-saving rate.To solve this problem from the point of load-sensing control system,this paper proposes an excavator hydraulic system based on load-sensing pilot control by combining with the idea of post-valve control and the pilot control.Under the premise of ensuring the same compound handling characteristics as the load-sensing system,the pilot control pressure is used to reduce the main pump outlet pressure to improve the energy-saving rate of the system,and it is verified by the mathematical model of the pilot control pressure and AMESim simulation model of the load-sensing pilot control system are established to investigate the energy-saving.Results show that within a certain pilot control pressure range,the higher the pilot pressure,the higher the energy-saving rate,and the best energy-saving level can reach up to 4.3%when the double load circuits are in high pressure and low flow conditions,but the energy saving power is very low at this time.When the energy-saving rate of the system is 2.53%,the energy-saving effect is the best,and the power can be reduced by 528 W.

关 键 词：负载敏感 先导控制 节能特性 复合操纵 

分 类 号：TH137[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]