球形腔小孔节流空气静压轴承优化设计  

Design Optimization of Aerostatic Bearing with Spherical Pocketed Orifice-type Restrictor

作　　者：李一飞 尹益辉[2] LI Yi-fei;YIN Yi-hui(School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Qinghai Minzu University, Xining, Qinghai 810007;Institute of Systems Engineering, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900)

机构地区：[1]青海民族大学土木与交通工程学院,青海西宁810007 [2]中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《液压与气动》2022年第2期145-151,共7页Chinese Hydraulics & Pneumatics

基　　金：青海民族大学高层次人才(博士)项目(2020XJG12)。

摘　　要：针对球形腔小孔节流空气静压支承轴承,为提升其静、动力学性能,基于轴承间隙流场特性的分析结果进行优化设计。首先,采用数值仿真对轴承间隙,尤其气腔内的流动特性进行研究,分析其中跨音速流动特性及超音速区、漩涡流动等出现的机理,明确优化目标;其次,基于径向基神经网络模型,建立轴承力学性能关于设计参数的近似模型;最后,建立力学性能优化设计的数学模型,考虑一定轴承负载,寻求使轴承气膜刚度最大、产生微振动最小且气锤振动风险最小的轴承参数组合。针对多目标优化问题,在多组轴承负载下获取最优设计并进一步对轴承力学性能进行了讨论。该型轴承的间隙流场分析、优化建模流程可为工程设计提供参考。For the aerostatic bearing with the spherical pocketed orifice-type restrictor,the optimization is conducted to improve the static and dynamic performances based on the flow field analysis.Firstly,the flow characteristics in the bearing clearance,especially in the pocket,are investigated numerically.The occurrence mechanisms of the supersonic flow and the vortex flow are discussed,and the optimization objectives are determined.And then,the radial basis functions method is used to establish the approximate model which relating the design variables to the bearing performances.Finally,the optimization model is established.For a given bearing load,the maximum air film stiffness is achieved,and the micro-vibration is reduced.Also,the pneumatic hammer vibration is eliminated.For the multi-objective optimization problem,several bearing loads are considered,and the optimization results are achieved and discussed further.The flow field analysis and optimization modelling process for such kind of bearing can make a reference for the engineering design.

关 键 词：空气静压轴承 数值仿真 优化设计 力学性能 

分 类 号：TH138[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH133