真空蒸馏法脱除区熔锗渣中杂质的研究  

Study on removing impurities from zone melting germanium slag by vacuum distillation

作　　者：崔丁方 廖吉伟 王艺曌 熊恒[2,3,4,5] 杨斌[2,3,4,5] CUI ding-fang;LIAO Ji-wei;WANG Yi-tan;XIONG Heng;YANG Bin(Yunnan Chihong international germanium Industry Co.,Ltd.,Qujing 655000,Yunnan;State Key Laboratory for clean utilization of complex nonferrous metal resources,Kunming University of technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan;National Engineering Laboratory of vacuum metallurgy,Kunming University of technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650093;Yunnan Key Laboratory of nonferrous metal vacuum metallurgy,Kunming University of technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650093;School of metallurgy and energy engineering,Kunming University of technology,Kunming,Yunnan 650093)

机构地区：[1]云南驰宏国际锗业有限公司,云南曲靖655000 [2]昆明理工大学复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [3]昆明理工大学真空冶金国家工程实验室,云南昆明650093 [4]昆明理工大学云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室,云南昆明650093 [5]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《世界有色金属》2021年第22期140-146,共7页World Nonferrous Metals

摘　　要：区域熔炼产出达不到6N区熔锗锭产品要求的区熔锗渣,进一步采用真空蒸馏法提纯,其原理是在高温和真空条件下利用金属蒸气压的差异性来实现主金属与杂质有效分离。根据经典热力学计算知,随蒸馏温度升高,区熔锗渣中十二种主要杂质的挥发先后顺序为:In、Zn、Mg、As、Ca、Pb、Al、Cu、Fe、Ni、Co、Ge、Si。其中,Mg、Ca、Zn、Pb、As优先于锗挥发进入气相;Al、Cu与锗分离相对困难;Fe、Co、Ni、Si难于锗挥发。研究以区熔锗渣为实验原料,开展百克级真空蒸馏实验,考察不同蒸馏温度、蒸馏时间条件下,区熔锗渣中Mg、Al、Ca、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、In、Pb/Bi、As、Si十二种杂质元素的去除效果与规律。The zone melting germanium slag produced by zone melting can not meet the requirements of 6N zone melting germanium ingot products,which is further purified by vacuum distillation.Its principle is to effectively separate the main metal and impurities by using the difference of metal vapor pressure under high temperature and vacuum conditions.According to the classical thermodynamic calculation,with the increase of distillation temperature,the volatilization order of twelve main impurities in zone melting germanium slag is as follows:in,Zn,Mg,as,CA,Pb,Al,Cu,Fe,Ni,Co,GE and Si.Among them,Mg,CA,Zn,Pb and as volatilize into the gas phase prior to germanium;The separation of Al,Cu and germanium is relatively difficult;Fe,Co,Ni and Si are difficult to volatilize germanium.Taking zone melting germanium slag as experimental raw material,a 100g vacuum distillation experiment was carried out to investigate the removal effect and law of twelve impurity elements mg,Al,CA,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,in,Pb/Bi,as and Si in zone melting germanium slag under different distillation temperature and distillation time.

关 键 词：真空蒸馏 区熔锗渣 蒸馏时间 蒸馏温度 

分 类 号：P618.75[天文地球—矿床学]