胡桃楸种源家系幼龄期生长变异及选择研究  

Variation and Selection of Seedling Growth Traits Among Juglans mandshurica Provenances and Families

作　　者：芦贤博 徐连峰 庞忠义 刘继锋 温宝阳 裴晓娜 赵岭 王学刚 赵曦阳[1] LU Xian-bo;XU Lian-feng;PANG Zhong-yi;LIU Ji-feng;WEN Bao-yang;PEI Xiao-na;ZHAO Ling;WANG Xue-gang;ZHAO Xi-yang(State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry,Qiqihar 161005,Heilongjiang,China;State-owned Xinmin Mechanized Forest Farm,Shenyang 110300,Liaoning,China;Wanrenhuan Forest Farm of Binxian County,Harbin 150411,Heilongjiang,China;Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute of the National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China;Research Center of Cold Temperate Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Harbin 150086,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]林木遗传育种国家重点实验室东北林业大学,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]黑龙江省林科院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161005 [3]国有新民市机械林场,辽宁沈阳110300 [4]宾县万人欢林场,黑龙江哈尔滨150411 [5]国家林业和草原局哈尔滨林业机械研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [6]中国林科院寒温带林业研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2022年第1期20-30,共11页Forest Research

基　　金：林业公益性行业科研专项:东北乡土木本粮油树种良种选育及利用研究(201304704)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过分析胡桃楸种源与家系间生长性状的遗传变异规律,对其进行初步选择,以推进胡桃楸良种选育工作。[方法]对万人欢林场胡桃楸4个种源内的28个家系(6 a)生长性状(树高、树高年均增长量、地径、冠幅、通直度、分枝角、侧枝数和尖削度)进行了测定分析。[结果]方差分析结果表明,大部分性状在各变异来源间均达到极显著差异(p<0.01);不同性状的表型变异系数和遗传变异系数变化范围分别为14.049%~41.519%和8.754%~23.873%;家系遗传力和单株遗传力的变化范围分别为0.284~0.797和0.110~0.886;相关性分析结果表明,除尖削度与分枝角、尖削度与侧枝数以及通直度与冠幅之间的相关性未达显著水平外,其余各性状之间均达到显著水平(p<0.05)。一般配合力分析结果表明,以20%的入选率,每个性状均筛选出6个优良亲本。主成分分析结果表明,3个主成分的累计贡献率达73.264%,表明3个主成分包含了大部分测定性状信息。根据主成分综合得分,初步选出1个优良种源(万人欢)与3个优良家系(WRH3、WRH5、QTH2)及10个优良单株,入选种源树高、树高年均增长量、地径及冠幅现实增益分别为3.109%、5.014%、2.193%、1.040%;入选家系相同性状的遗传增益分别为5.835%、5.410%、7.908%、6.069%,入选单株相同性状的遗传增益分别为26.74%、24.11%、23.91%和26.53%。[结论]胡桃楸的生长性状在种源和家系间存在丰富的变异,初步筛选的优良种源、亲本及家系和单株可以为胡桃楸良种选育与应用提供基础。[Objective]To analyze and select the genetic variation of growth traits among provenances and families of Juglans mandshurica,in order to promote the selection and breeding of J.mandshurica superior varieties.[Method]In this study,the growth characteristics(tree height,annual growth of tree height,ground diameter,crown width,straightness,branch angle,number of side branches and taperingness)of 28 J.mandshurica families(6-years-old)within 4 provenances at Wanrenhuan Forest Farm were measured and analyzed.[Result]The results of analysis of variance showed that most of the traits reached extremely significant differences among various sources(P<0.01).The phenotypic and genetic coefficient of variation of these traits ranged from 14.049%to 41.519%and from 8.754%to 23.873%,respectively.The family heritability and individual heritability were ranged from 0.284 to 0.797 and from 0.110 to 0.886,respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the correlation of almost all traits reached a significant level(P<0.05),except the correlations between sharpness and branch angle,between sharpness and number of side branches,and between straightness and crown width.The results of general combining ability analysis showed that with a selection rate of 20%,6 excellent parents were screened according to different traits.The results of principal component analysis(PCA)showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components reached 73.264%,indicating that the three principal components contained most information of the measured trait.According to the comprehensive scores of PCA,one excellent provenance,three excellent families and 10 excellent individual plants were initially selected.The realistic gains of tree height,average annual increase in tree height,ground diameter and crown width of selected provenance were 3.109%,5.014%,2.193%,and 1.040%,respectively.The genetic gains of the 4 traits of the families selected were 5.835%,5.410%,7.908%,and 6.069%,respectively.The genetic gains of the 4 trait

关 键 词：胡桃楸 半同胞家系 种源选择 家系选择 遗传增益 

分 类 号：S722.31[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S792.132[农业科学—林学]