厦门文昌鱼自然保护区资源现状及其变动原因分析  

Analysis on the resource status and change reason of Branchiostoma balcheri in Xiamen Amphioxus Natural Reserve

作　　者：马超[1,2] 刘勇 庄之栋[1,2] 徐春燕 沈长春[1,2] 蔡建堤 MA Chao;LIU Yong;ZHUANG Zhidong;XU Chunyan;SHEN Changchun;CAI Jiandi(Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China;Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Xiamen 361013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013 [2]福建省海洋生物增养殖与高值化利用重点实验室,福建厦门361013

出　　处：《渔业研究》2022年第1期44-51,共8页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省海洋与渔业结构调整项目(2019HYJG03);福建省文昌鱼资源动态监测.

摘　　要：本文根据2019年8月(夏季)和11月(秋季)、2020年1月(冬季)和2021年4月(春季)在厦门文昌鱼自然保护区进行的4个季度文昌鱼资源现状调查研究,并结合历史调查数据资料分析了厦门文昌鱼资源变动原因。结果表明:调查期间厦门文昌鱼平均体长为29.71 mm,平均体质量为68.0 mg,主要以2龄(39.7%)和3龄(36.5%)为主,合占76.2%,4个季度文昌鱼体长和体质量均值均有显著性差异。保护区4个海区中,实验区鳄鱼屿海区文昌鱼的平均栖息密度最高,为50.0 ind/m^(2),但分布范围狭小;核心区黄厝、南线-十八线和小嶝岛-角屿岛海区平均栖息密度分别为4.1、1.5、0.4 ind/m^(2),与历史调查数据相比下降较为显著,尤其小嶝岛-角屿岛海区文昌鱼资源密度下降最为严重。栖息地环境变化是导致厦门文昌鱼保护区适宜生存场所缩小、资源衰退的最主要原因。Based on the investigation of Branchiostoma balcheri resources in Xiamen Amphioxus Natural Reserve in August 2019(summer),November 2019(autumn),January 2020(winter)and April 2021(spring),this paper studied the resource status and the reasons for resource changes of B.balcheri,combined with historical survey data.The results showed that the average body length and weight of B.balcheri were 29.71 mm and 68.0 mg,respectively.The population was mainly composed of two years classes and three years classes,accounting for 76.2%.There were significant differences in the average body length and weight in the four quarters.The average density of B.balcheri in Eyu Island sea area was 50.0 ind/m^(2),which was the highest of the four sea areas in the reserve,but the range was very small.The average density of Huangcuo,Nanxian-shibaxian and Xiaodeng Island-Jiaoyu Island sea area were 4.1,1.5 and 0.4 ind/m^(2),respectively,which decreased significantly compared with the historical survey,especially Xiaodeng Island-Jiaoyu Island sea area did not appear basically.The change of habitat environment was the main reason for the decrease of B.balcheri resources in Xiamen sea area.

关 键 词：厦门海域 文昌鱼 资源现状 变动 原因分析 

分 类 号：S932[农业科学—渔业资源]