“一带一路”沿线国家的自主贡献中水资源相关适应措施评估  

Evaluation of water-related adaptation measures in Nationally Determined Contributions of Belt and Road countries

作　　者：于飞[1,2] 崔惠娟 葛全胜 YU Fei;CUI Hui-Juan;GE Quan-Sheng(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Patterns and Simulation,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源环境研究所陆地表层格局与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2022年第1期70-80,共11页Climate Change Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0605303);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41877454);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2019053);中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所“秉维”优秀青年人才计划项目(2017RC201)。

摘　　要：“一带一路”沿线地区气候灾害类型多样,分布广泛,其中水资源短缺和洪涝灾害频发等水资源问题是“一带一路”沿线国家的主要气候风险之一。文中对“一带一路”沿线国家提交的国家自主贡献(NDC)中提出的水资源相关适应措施进行了分析评估。结果表明,气候变化及水资源相关风险已经受到了“一带一路”沿线国家的普遍关注,大部分国家都或多或少提出了针对性的适应措施,如优化水资源管理、提高水资源利用效率、强化监测预警、增加基础建设等。然而目前还存在一些不足之处,包括:以中东欧国家为主的部分“一带一路”沿线国家NDCs中缺乏适应相关的内容;西亚/中东和中亚地区对于风险关注的范围不够全面,缺乏对未来潜在洪水风险的评估和预案;在中亚、南亚和中东等水争端问题突出的地区缺乏合适的国际合作机制;大部分国家缺少对水环境的关注。为提高“一带一路”沿线国家气候适应能力,构建完善的气候适应体系,建议完善国家自主贡献报告、建立国际合作机制,增加对气候变化研究的关注和投入,保障“一带一路”建设绿色可持续发展。Belt and Road(B&R)countries have been suffering from various climate risks for a long time,including water related problems,such as water shortage and flood hazard.By evaluation of water-related adaptation measures proposed in the Nationally Determined Contributions(NDCs)submitted by B&R countries,it’s found that the risks related to climate change and water resources have been widely concerned,and most countries have put forward targeted adaptation measures more or less such as optimizing water resources management,improving water resources utilization efficiency,improving risk early warning capabilities and infrastructure construction.However,there are still a few problems including that the lack of adaptation related content in the NDCs of some B&R countries,which are mainly composed of Central and Eastern Europe(CEE)countries;The scope of risk concerns in West Asia/the Middle East and Central Asia is not comprehensive enough to assess and plan for future potential flood risks;In Central Asia,South Asia and the Middle East,where water disputes are prominent,there is a lack of appropriate international cooperation mechanisms.There is a lack of attention to the water environment in most countries.In order to improve the adaptation capacity of B&R countries,and build a sound climate adaptation system,it is necessary to improve NDC report,establish an international cooperation mechanism,and increase the attention and investment in climate change research,ensuring the green and sustainable development of the Belt and Road Initiative.

关 键 词：国家自主贡献(NDC) 全球变暖 一带一路 水资源 适应 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]