我国医学科研人员的伦理认知及培训需求状况分析  

Analysis of Ethical Cognition and Training Needs of Medical Researchers in China

作　　者：王爽[1] 张新庆[1] 赵延东 何光喜 张海洪 WANG Shuang;ZHANG Xinqing;ZHAO Yandong;HE Guangxi;ZHANG Haihong(School of Humanities and Social Sciences,Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100005,China;Center for Studies of Sociological Theory&Method,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Institute of Science,Technology and Social Development,Chinese Academy of Science and Technology for Development,Beijing 100038,China;Department of Scientific Research,Ministry of Medicine,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京协和医学院人文和社会科学学院,北京100005 [2]中国人民大学社会学理论与方法研究中心,北京100872 [3]中国科学技术战略发展研究院科技与社会发展研究所,北京100038 [4]北京大学医学部科学研究处,北京100191

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2022年第1期41-46,共6页Chinese Medical Ethics

基　　金：北京协和医学院精品教材建设课题“护理伦理学导论”(2019zlgc0504);国家自然科学基金项目“我国医学科研人员伦理认知和态度研究”(L1824002)。

摘　　要：科研伦理意识的认知和态度影响着个体研究者遵循研究伦理规范的意愿和程度。考察了中国医学科研人员(n=11164)对科研伦理规范知识的知晓度、获得途径及培训需求。调查发现:超过50.0%的人知晓“黄金大米事件”“头颅移植术”;80.0%的人知晓《涉及人的生物医学研究伦理审查办法》。90.0%的人认为“尊重人”和“不伤害”是基本伦理原则,但分别有42.8%的人和75.1%的人选择了“有益”和“公正”。超过60.0%的人通过“自学”“单位组织的专门培训”或“导师或同事的言传身教”获得科研伦理知识,仍有30.0%的人近三年未参加过科研伦理讲座。在培训需求方面,超过50.0%的人选择了“研究和应用的伦理规范”,其次为“前沿领域伦理问题”(41.0%)和“伦理审查”(36.7%)。基于此,提出了改进中国科研伦理教育培训内容和形式的建议。The cognition and attitude of scientific research ethics consciousness affect the willingness and degree of individual researchers to follow research ethics norms.This study investigated the awareness,access and training needs of Chinese medical researchers(n=11164)on the knowledge of scientific research ethics.The survey found that more than 50.0%of people were aware of the“golden rice incident”and“skull transplantation”;80.0%of people were knew of Operational Quideline for the Ethic Review of Biomedical Research Involving Human Subject;90.0%said that“respecting people”and“not harming”were the basic ethical principles,but 42.8%and 75.1%chose“beneficial”and“fair”respectively;more than 60.0%of people have acquired scientific research ethics knowledge through“self-study”,“special training organized by units”or“words and deeds taught by mentors or colleagues”,but still 30.0%have not participated in scientific research ethics lectures in recent three years;In terms of training needs,more than 50.0%chose“ethical norms for research and application”,followed by“frontier ethical issues”(41.0%)and“ethical review”(36.7%).Based on this,this paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the content and form of scientific research ethics education and training in China.

关 键 词：医学科研人员 伦理意识 伦理知识 伦理培训 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]