民国时期对中国传统社会的武术“尚抑”之律的颠覆及当代启示  

Subversion of the Law of Advocating Restraint in Traditional Chinese Wushu During the Period of the Republic of China and its Contemporary Enlightenment

作　　者：张长念[1] 周德巧 ZHANG Changnian;ZHOU Deqiao(School of Martial Arts and Performance, Capital Univ. of P.E. and Sports, Beijing 100191, China;Postgraduate School, Capital Univ. of P.E. and Sports, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院武术与表演学院,北京100191 [2]首都体育学院研究生部,北京100191

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2022年第2期72-78,共7页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(16BTY112)。

摘　　要：运用文献资料、逻辑分析等方法,对中国传统社会中武术发展的“尚抑”之律进行梳理阐析,发现中国传统社会在政权变动的历史进程中总是隐现出对“武”的“尚抑”之律,即政权建立初期对“武”抑制,随着政权的稳固逐渐尚武,从而又推动政权更替的历史规律。而民国时期却对这一规律进行了完全的颠覆,在建立初期就呈现出强烈的尚武之风,表现在武术成为学校教育的组成部分;武术社团组织掀起尚武高潮;在杀敌救国的战场上成为抗敌利器和强心之剂;对国术理性科学的研究成为一时之尚。这给当代中国武术事业的发展带来启示关注“武”对于增强民族文化自信、助力学校教育、服务军队建设等最关键、最根本的价值和作用——以武健文,上升国家文化战略高度,为中华民族伟大复兴贡献武术力量;以武育人,汲取历史经验助力体教融合,为学校体育事业注入民族基因;以武铸魂,弘扬新时代尚武精神,顺势应时铸造强军之魂。Through literature and logical analysis,this paper studied the law of upholding and restraining in the development of Wushu in the traditional Chinese society,and found that the law of upholding and restraining always loomed in the historical process of regime change in the traditional Chinese society,i.e.,restraining Wushu in the early stage of the regime establishment,gradually advocating Wushu in the regime development,and advocating Wushu to promote the regime replacement.However,in the period of the Republic of China,this law was completely subverted,showing a strong trend of advocating Wushu in the early days of its establishment.Wushu became a part of the school education.The Wushu organizations popularized Wushu,which became a sharp weapon and shot in the battlefield of killing the enemy and saving the country.The scientific study of the traditional Chinese culture became a fashion,which brought enlightenment to the development of contemporary Chinese Wushu.In order to build China into a leading sporting nation and a cultural power,the most critical and fundamental values and roles of Wushu in enhancing national cultural self-confidence,enriching school education,and serving the military construction should be yielded to.Meanwhile,historical experience should be drawn to educate people with Wushu,to further the integration of sports and education,and combine national characteristics into school sports.

关 键 词：武术 社会规律 尚武 抑武 民国 国术 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]