修剪对‘妃子笑’荔枝枝梢和根系发育的影响  

Effects of Pruning on the Development of Shoots and Roots of'Feizixiao'Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)

作　　者：黄建军 刘培 蔡宗渊 黄晓 陈慧婷 王晗 杨胜男 苏钻贤[1,2] 陈厚彬 申济源[1,2] HUANG Jianjun;LIU Pei;CAI Zongyuan;HUANG Xiao;CHEN Huiting;WANG Han;YANG Shengnan;SU Zuanxian;CHEN Houbin;SHEN Jiyuan(College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong;Maoming Branch,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Maoming 525000,Guangdong)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [2]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室茂名分中心,广东茂名525000

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2022年第1期51-57,共7页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFD1000103);广东省乡村振兴战略专项(403-2018-XMZC-0002-90);茂名实验室自主科研项目(2021ZZ002);国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系(CARS-32)。

摘　　要：以定植于根箱中的‘妃子笑’荔枝为材料,评价修剪对荔枝(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)枝梢和根系发育的影响。设3个处理,对照组荔枝只去除顶芽,未进行枝梢修剪;低位和高位修剪组的修剪口枝梢平均直径分别为13.25mm和9.39mm。结果表明:荔枝低位和高位修剪均显著提早了新梢萌芽和抽梢的时间,但抑制了新梢的伸长。枝梢修剪处理后,新梢的相对生长速率显著小于对照组,新梢成熟时间相对应的比对照组要长。然而,修剪可缩短新梢成熟的绝对时间,有利于培育较早成熟的枝梢。修剪对荔枝根长密度没有显著影响,但显著降低了根系的生长速率。因此,修剪可促进荔枝新梢的萌发和成熟,但早期会抑制根系的生长速率。In this study,three-year-old air layered'Feizixiao'litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)planted in the cubic plastic container were pruned to investigate the effect of pruning on the development of shoots and roots.Based on the pruning position,they were divided into three experimental groups.The average diameters of the pruned shoots at the low group and high group were 13.25 mm and 9.39 mm,respectively,while the plants in the control group were not treated with shoot pruning,only with apical buds removed.The results showed that the pruning treatments significantly promoted the bud-emerging and flushing of the two pruned group,but inhibited the length of new shoots.The relative growth rate of shoots in two pruning groups was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the time required for new shoot maturation was accordingly longer than that of the control group.However,shoot pruning treatments shortened the absolute time for new shoot maturation,which was conducive to the cultivation of early mature shoots.Shoot pruning treatments had no significant impact on the root length density,but significantly reduced the root growth rate.Therefore,pruning could promote the germination and maturity of new shoots,but inhibited the root growth rate in the early period after pruning.

关 键 词：荔枝 修剪 枝梢发育 根系发育 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]